Management Foundations (Chapter 5)
Which level of management sets long-term goals and strategies?
Top Management
What type of employee behavior directly contributes to a firm’s production and organizational goals?
Performance behavior
Name one type of power a leader can use.
(Any of: legitimate, reward, coercive, referent, expert)
What type of decision is made using established rules or procedures for routine, recurring problems?
Programmed Decision
A manager creates a schedule. What management function is this?
Planning
Name two key managerial skills.
(Any two of: technical, human, conceptual, decision-making.)
What need, according to Maslow’s hierarchy, comes directly before self-actualization?
Esteem needs.
When leaders like military commanders or factory supervisors focus on structure, rewards, and performance standards, they are using what type of leadership?
Transactional leadership
When a leader must choose a course of action without knowing all possible alternatives or their potential outcomes—such as launching a product in an entirely new market—they are operating in what decision-making condition?
State of Uncertainty
An employee helps a coworker without being asked. What kind of behavior is this?
Organizational citizenship behavior.
Who turns broad strategies into specific objectives?
Middle management.
What are the two categories in Herzberg’s motivation theory that distinguish between factors causing job satisfaction and dissatisfaction?
Motivators (like achievement), and hygiene factors (like pay, policies)
What does situational leadership mean?
Leaders adapt based on follower readiness.
What decision-making condition exists when all outcomes are known and predictable?
State of Certainty
A manager asks employees for ideas to improve processes. What leadership style is this?
Participative or democratic leadership.
Name the four basic functions of management.
Planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.
What does Expectancy Theory say about motivation?
People work hard if they believe their effort will lead to rewards
When leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. or John F. Kennedy inspire followers through vision and personal magnetism, they demonstrate what type of leadership?
Charismatic leadership
What decision-making condition exists when outcomes are probabilities that can be estimated?
State of Risk
When a manager represents the company at a ribbon-cutting ceremony for a new facility and welcomes local officials on behalf of the organization, they are fulfilling what interpersonal role?
Figurehead
What aspect of an organization shapes employee behavior, shared values, and overall productivity, influencing its success?
Corporate Culture
How does Theory Y view employees?
They are self-motivated, enjoy responsibility, and seek fulfillment
What is transformational leadership?
Inspiring innovation and change.
When a manager faces a one-of-a-kind problem—such as deciding how to respond to a sudden competitor innovation—with no established procedures or rules to follow, they are making what type of decision?
Unprogrammed Decision
When a manager coordinates with suppliers, partners, or other departments to share information and maintain productive relationships across organizational boundaries, they are performing what interpersonal role?
Liaison