Foundational Skills
What does the acronym OARS-I stand for?
Open-ended questions, affirming, reflective listening, summarizing, informing/advising.
This type of reflection involves paraphrasing the speaker's message to show understanding, without adding new meaning.
What is a simple reflection?
Participant: I don’t know if I want to have a place on my own or not. I do and I don’t. I like having some friends. They don’t want you to have your friends over in that building. Plus, they don’t want you drinking. Why is that their business? I’m not saying I don’t have a drinking problem. I’m just saying that’s my business
Helper: You’re on a teeter-totter about all of this
What is reflecting with a metaphor?
Four processes of MI
Engaging, focusing, evoking, and planning.
The style of question used most commonly when using Motivational Interviewing.
What is an open-ended question?
This type of reflection goes beyond the speaker's words by inferring their underlying emotions or feelings.
What is a complex reflection?
Participant: I don’t know if I want to have a place on my own or not. I do and I don’t. I like having some friends. They don’t want you to have your friends over in that building. Plus, they don’t want you drinking. Why is that their business? I’m not saying I don’t have a drinking problem. I’m just saying that’s my business.
Helper: On one hand you like having the place, and on the other hand you know you need to do something to have a better social life and maybe have a look at your drinking –if you decide to.
What is a double-sided reflection?
Which MI process involves the helper reflecting to the participant that they truly understand their perspective, making it clear that their reflection is from the participant's viewpoint, not their own?
What is engaging?
What are the two different levels of reflection?
Simple and complex
This type of reflection involves recapping the key points of the conversation and the person's feelings, often used at the end of a discussion to ensure mutual understanding.
What is a summary reflection?
Participant: Everybody is on my case because I don’t take my meds. They say you have to take it every day. It’s stupid because its just a big money grab by big Pharma. They know I'm subsidized from it, so they want me using a lot of it. It sort of helps with my anxiety, but it messes with your brain chemistry.
Helper: There’s not much value to taking your medication.
What is a de-amplifying response?
Which MI techniques involve seeking permission, providing information and inquiring what the participant thinks or wants to do next?
What is informing and advising?
The theory that by talking out loud, people can explore and clarify their thinking and connect this to the changes they may want to make.
What is self-perception theory?
Reflecting back to a participant both sides of their ambivalence, acknowledging the positive and negative aspects of their current behaviour, as well as their desired behaviour.
What is a double-sided reflection?
Participant: I’m getting frustrated with my job. They’ve changed the bus route and now I have to get up 20 minutes earlier. Also, they gave a raise to all of the meat department people and none to us cashiers. We’re the ones who have to deal with public every day and that isn’t easy. It just seems that I can't win.
Helper: You’re pretty fed up. This job is just not worth it. With the way they’re treating you, you just want to quit and find some other line of work altogether.
What is an amplifying response?
Which MI processes are used when reflecting back to the participant the meaning and impact of what they are saying, leading them towards increased motivation for change?
What are evoking and planning?