Chapters 7-8
Important components of coenzymes are _______.
What are vitamins?
__________ are microbial forms that have the highest resistance to physical and chemical controls.
What are bacterial endospores?
__________ infectious agents arise from microbes that are the patient’s own normal flora.
What are endogenous?
__________ examples are microbial hyaluronidase, coagulase, and streptokinase.
What are exoenzyme?
This lymphoid organ that has the immunological function of filtering pathogens from the blood.
What is the spleen?
_______________ occurs when enzyme action stops due to a buildup of end product.
What is enzyme repression?
The shortest time required to kill all the microbes in a sample at a specified temperature.
What is thermal death time (TDT)?
The greatest number of pathogens enters the body through the _______________.
What is the respiratory system?
The primary or natural habitat of a pathogen where it continues to exist.
What is a reservoir?
The complement system of blood proteins acts to ______ foreign cells and viruses.
What is lyse?
Formation of __________ from oxaloacetic acid and an acetyl group begins the Krebs cycle.
What is citric acid?
The lowest temperature needed to kill all microbes in 10 minutes.
What is thermal death point (TDP)?
__________ is found in and on the skin, mouth, nasal passages and large intestines.
What is resident biota?
Total number of deaths in a population due to a disease.
What is the mortality rate?
This protein is produced by a virus-infected cell, in order to communicate with other cells the need to produce antiviral proteins.
What is interferon?
An oxidase detection test can be used to identify certain bacteria because they lack __________ oxidase.
What is cytochrome c?
Antibiotics are not derived from this type of bacteria:
What is Staphylococcus?
____________ pathogens cause disease when the host’s defenses are compromised.
What are opportunistic?
Components of this line of defense include the tough cell sheet of the upper epidermis of the skin, nasal hairs, flushing action of tears and blinking, and flushing action of urine.
What is the first line of defense?
The thymus functions in maturation of these cells.
What are T- lymphocytes?
Large, complex enzyme that directs the conversion of DNA into RNA.
What is RNA polymerase?
Gram-negative rods (bacilli) are often treated with ____________.
What are amnioglycosides?
Once a microbe has entered a host, ____________ performed by certain white blood cells will attempt to destroy the microbe.
What is phagocytosis?
When monocytes migrate from the blood out to the tissues, they are transformed by these to develop into macrophages.
What are inflammatory mediators?
Lymph nodes located in the groin are referred to as this:
What are inguinal lymph nodes?