Nutrition & Growth
True/ false: all organisms require nutrients.
True
Complex, synergistic relationships among numerous microorganisms, often different species, attached to surfaces is called? (hint: an example is dental plaque or soap scum)
Biofilms
What is generally used to spread a sample in the streak-plate method?
Sterile inoculating loop
A graph that plots the numbers of organisms in a growing population over time is called?
A growth curve
What type of media is used by healthcare professionals to carry clinical specimen?
Transport
True/ False: Organisms use nutrients to meet energy needs.
True
What are certain organic chemicals called, that organisms need in small amounts, but that they cannot synthesize?
Growth factors
Why is it important to obtain clinical samples properly?
To avoid contamination
In which phase does metabolic rate of surviving cells begin to decline?
Stationary phase
Anaerobic media allow microorganisms to grow without which nutrient?
Oxygen
What 4 elements primarily make up nutrients?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
How would an organism be classified, who uses carbon dioxide as a carbon source and catabolizes organic molecules for energy?
Chemoautotroph
What is a sample called in culturing organisms?
Inoculum
In which phase do the bacteria synthesize the necessary chemicals for conducting metabolism in their new environment and then enter a phase of chromosome replication, growth, and reproduction?
Log phase
Which type of microorganisms would be found in the Great Salt Lake?
Obligate halophiles
What 3 purposes do nutrients serve in a cell?
1. Build organic molecules
2. Meet energy needs
3. Build cellular structures
What is the group of organisms called that requires levels of oxygen between 2-10%?
Microaerophiles
What is the main difference between the streak-plate technique and the pour-plate technique?
Pour-plate has colonies form on and below the surface.
What is it called when one cell divides to form two cells, then those cells divide to form four cells, and then eight cells, and so forth?
Logarithmic Growth
What is the best method for storing bacterial cultures for short amounts of time?
Refrigeration
True/ False: nutrients can pass into the cell via both active and passive transport
True
If we used a liquid thioglycolate growth medium to identify the oxygen requirement of a specific organism, how would we classify an organism that grows only at the top?
Obligate aerobe
What is the shape and margin of Serratia marcescens?
Circular and entire
If you begin with three cells, how many cells would you have after two hours as a result of binary fission if the cells divide every 20 minutes?
192 cells
Mesophiles grow between what two temperatures?
20-40 degrees Celsius