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Terms
Characteristics of Viruses
Bacteria/ Bacteriophage's
Animal Viruses
Random
100
An infectious agent that causes a neurodegenerative disease; consists of protein similar in amino acid sequence to a normal protein in the body.
Prion
100
What is the approximate size of viruses
The smallest viruses are about 10 nm in diameter. The largest known viruses are about 800 nm.
100
What is the integrated phage DNA called?
Prophage
100
What is the difference between bacteria viruses and animal viruses?
In bacteria viruses only the genetic material of the virus enters into the cell while in animal viruses, the entire virion is taken into the cell
100
What is the most thoroughly studied temperate phage?
Lambda
200
A virus that infects bacteria: Often shortened to phage
Bacteriophage
200
What are two purposes of the capsid?
It protects the nucleic acids and in some cases the capsid carries enzymes needed by the virus during infection.
200
What is the purpose of a repression protein?
Prevents excision; maintains Lysogenic state.
200
How are most enveloped viruses are released?
Most enveloped viruses are released by budding.
200
What are the two types of transduction?
Generalized and Specialized.
300
An infectious agent of plants that consist only of RNA
Viroid
300
What is the capsid composed of?
The capsid is composed of identical subunits called capsomers.
300
How do bacteria prevent phage attachment?
By altering or covering specific receptors on a cell surface.
300
What infection is characterized by the continuous production of low levels of viral particles?
Chronic Infections
300
How did restriction enzymes aid scientists?
The enzymes gave scientist a tool to remove genes from one DNA molecule, and join them to another.
400
A change in the properties of a bacterium conferred by a prophage
Lysogenic Conversion
400
Generally viruses exist in three different shapes. Name them.
Icosahedral, Helical, or Complex.
400
What is a Filamentous phage that initiates infection by attaching to a protein on the F pilus of E.Coli.
M13 --> pg313
400
What are the two mechanisms in which enveloped viruses enter the host cell?
Fusion with the host membrane or Endocytosis.
400
What is CRISPR named for?
CRISPR is named for the characteristic Clusters of Regularly Interspersed Short Palindromic Repeats.
500
Method used to measure the number of viral particles present in a sample
Plaque Assay
500
What will occur when a bacterial culture is infected with a temperate phage?
Some of the phage will enter the lactic cycle, whereas others will lysogenize their host.
500
What protects bacteria from phage infection by quickly degrading incoming foreign DNA
The Restriction-modification System
500
What is a silent viral genome?
Provirus
500
An infection in which more virions are produced
Productive infection