the body’s ability to recognize and then mount a defense against distinct invaders and their products, whether they are protozoa, fungi, bacteria, viruses, or toxins
What is Adaptive immunity?
100
herd immunity
What is the protection provided all individuals in a population due to the inability of a pathogen to effectively spread when a large proportion of individuals are resistant?
100
The final stage of inflammation
What is tissue repair?
100
Some activated T cells become
What are memory T cells?
200
the third line of defense
What is adaptive immunity
200
specificity, inducibility, clonality, unresponsiveness, and memory
What are the five distinctive attributes of adaptive immunity?
200
Scientists have overcome the limitations of antisera by
developing ...
What are hybridomas?
200
an isolated site of infection
What is an abscess?
200
An enhanced cellmediated immune response upon subsequent exposure to the
same antigen is called
What is a memory response?
300
epidermis
What is the outer layer of the skin?
300
lymph nodes
What are located throughout the body but concentrated in the cervical (neck), inguinal (groin), axillary (armpit), and abdominal regions.
300
Is based on the fact that many viruses introduced into appropriate cell cultures will invade and kill the cells.
What is viral neutralization ?
300
The process of blood clotting triggers the conversion of a soluble plasma protein into a nineamino-acid peptide chain.
What is bradykinin?
300
____ are so named because they have many long, thin cytoplasmic processes called dendrites.
What are dendritic cells?
400
dermis
What is the deeper layer of skin?
400
B cell receptor (BCR)
The surface of each B lymphocyte is covered with about 500,000 identical copies of a protein called?
400
identify the presence of antigen in a tissue.
What are direct fluorescent antibody tests?
400
____ researchers have discovered a third pathway for complement activation that acts through the use
of lectins.
What is The Lectin Pathway?
400
Cytokines of the immune system include the which substances?
What are Interleukins, Interferons, Growth factors, Tumor necrosis factor, and Chemokines?
500
Antimicrobial peptides
What are positively charged chains of 20–50 amino acids that act against microorganisms called?
500
Opsonization
What are molecules that stimulate phagocytosis?
500
Tests used to detect the presence of specific antibodies in an individual’s serum via a two-step process