Microbiology Exam 1 Practice

Microorganism classification

100

The two major types of cells

Acellular and Cellular

200

The 2 types of cell structure under Cellular microorganisms

Prokaryotic Cell and Eukaryotic cell

300

Types of Acellular microorganisms

Viruses and Prions

400

Types of Unicellular and Multicellular microorganisms 

Unicellular: Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi, and Protozoa

Multicellular: Helminths

500

What are the 4 macromolecules we are focused on

Lipids, Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Nucleic acid

Bacterial Shapes and structure

100

The name of a bacteria of if they are spherical and when they are Cylindrical or Rod shaped

Coccus and Baccilis

200

When the bacteria is in random, irregular clusters

Strepto-

300

Repeating long sugar chains that are cross-linked by short peptide fragments in the cell wall

Peptidoglycan

400

Appendages for attachment or channel function

Frimbia, Pilus/Pili and glycocalyx, Capsules, and Biofilms

500

The four different types of arrangement for flagellum 

Monotrichous, Lophotricus, Amphitricchous, and Peritrichas

Eukaryotic organisms

100

This organism turns sugar Into ATP and has its own circular DNA

Mitochondria

200

This organism has two types and its main function is engulfing particles either in transport, storage, and excretion

Vesicles

300

This anchors organelles, moves RNA and vesicles, and permits shape changes and movements

Cytoskeleton

400

This organelle has two parts, one for protein synthesis and the other for nutrient processing and synthesis and storage of lipids.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

500

This organelle is the most prominent of eukaryotic cells, has an envelope and sit for ribosomal RNA synthesis

Nucleus

Fungal Cells

100

2 Basic cell forms and cell count

Yeasts(unicellular) and Molds(Multicellular)

200

The benefits of fungi

Decompose organic mater and returning minerals to soil, form stable associations with plant roots, and engineered to produce large quantities of antibodies.

300

The term for human disease by fungal infection

Mycoses

400

The 3 types of fungal disease

Community acquired, Hospital associated infections, Opportunistic infections

500

The different types of fungal nutrition

Hetereotrophs, Saprotrophs, and Parasites

Viruses

100

Things that viruses cannot do

Self replicate, Metabolism, and homeostasis

200

The three shapes of capsisds

Isocohedral, Helical, Complex

300

Central Dogma in Molecular Biology and Genetics

Dan into mRNA into Proteins

400

Two ways viruses release

Nonenveloped and complex viruses, and Enveloped

500

Lytic vs Lysogenic

Lytic- infects host cell and hijacks host machinery to produce viral particles

Lysogenic- Infect host cell and code their DNA into host cell, can remain dormant for a long time and then enter lytic cycle.