Nutrition, Growth, Ecology
Which of the following is most abundant in a typical cell?
A. Lipids
B. Proteins
C. RNA
D. Carbohydrates
B. Proteins
The sum of all reactions in the cell
Metabolism
All reactions in a cell that breakdown large molecules into smaller ones
Catabolic
Alternate: Exergonic
All of the genetic material in a cell is collectively referred to as the cell's _____.
genome
____ are small pieces of extrachromosomal DNA in a bacterial cell.
Plasmid
What term refers to an organism that obtains its carbon from organic matter?
Heterotroph
In an enzyme reaction, the ____ is changed and the ____ is not.
substrate, enzyme
The part of the enzyme that binds the substrate:
Active site
histones
This type of genetic transfer between bacteria is facilitated by viruses
Transduction
This type of organism releases exoenzymes that breakdown its food before it is able to absorb it.
Saprobes
The active form of the enzyme that contains the protein, non-protein and cofactors is the ____.
Holoenzyme
Where does the electron transport chain occur in bacteria?
on the plasma membrane
Nitrogen base
Deoxyribose
Phosphate
What type of molecule contains the anti-codon?
tRNA
Which bacteria is most likely a psychrophile?
A. A bacterium that infects only animals.
B. A bacterium that dies when exposed to high levels of salt.
C. A bacterium that spreads via foods that are refrigerated and improperly reheated.
D. An anaerobic bacterium that infects the lungs.
C. A bacterium that spreads via foods that are refrigerated and improperly reheated.
What stage of aerobic respiration breaks down glucose completely?
Krebs cycle
What stages of aerobic respiration occur in the mitochondrial matrix?
Krebs cycle and Pyruvate Oxidation/Acetyl CoA Formation
A scientist is completing a DNA replication experiment. The DNA synthesis is incomplete because the Okazaki fragments are not fused together. Which enzyme is most likely nonfunctional in this case?
Ligase
_____ is a complex of proteins and RNA that are needed to remove introns from eukaryotic mRNA.
Spliceosome
Refer to image 1.
Which bacteria most likely lacks catalase and superoxide dismutase?
#2
Beta oxidation is the process by which ____ are broken down to release energy via the Krebs cycle.
fatty acids
Refer to image 1.
What tube lacks cytochrome oxidase?
2
The trp operon contains the code for enzymes that produce trp. These enzymes normally actively produced but production decreases when trp levels are high.
Based on the info provided, is this operon repressible or inducible and WHY?
Repressible - this operon is usually turned on but is turned off when trp (inducer) is present.
What part of the cell is a dsDNA virus assembled?
The nucleus