Chemical Principles
What are isotopes
Two of the factors that affect enzyme activity.
What are temperature, pH, substrate concentration, inhibitors
The term for destroying harmful microorganisms from living tissue.
What is antisepsis?
The envelope of a viral structure.
What is a lipid membrane?
Skin, mucous membranes, and antimicrobial substances are examples of this line of defense against pathogens.
What is the first line of defense?
The type of bond where valence electrons are shared.
What are covalent bonds?
The purpose of enzymes in a reaction.
What is the lowering of activation energy?
What moist heat, like boiling, does to proteins.
The coat, or outermost layer, of a viral structure.
What is a capsid?
The second line of defense against pathogens.
What is the innate immune response?
The type of ion has gained electrons.
The type of reaction that uses energy to synthesize macromolecules that make up a cell.
What is an anabolic reaction?
One way to evaluate efficiency of chemical agents.
What is the disk diffusion method?
This determines what host cells a virus can infect.
What are attachment factors?
The first phase of phagocytosis.
What is chemotaxis?
The breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones.
What is catabolism?
The total ATP yield in aerobic respiration.
What is 38 ATP?
High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters are used for this.
What are heat sensitive materials for filtration?
Bacteriophages have this morphology classification.
What are complex structures?
The most abundant antibody in blood?
What is IgG?
The relationship of several folded polypeptide chains, forming a protein.
What is a quaternary structure?
Where the Electron Transport Chain takes place in eukaryotes.
What is the inner mitochondrial membrane?
Dry heat kills by this.
What is oxidation?
Obligatory intracellular parasites multiply inside living cells by using this cell machinery.
What is synthesizing cell machinery?
The antigenic determinants on an antigen.
What are epitopes.