Immunoglobulins
Out of the 5 immunoglobulins what one is found in saliva?
What is immunoglobulin A?
sAlivA
What are the 4 systemic signs of inflammation?
What is:
1.Fever
2.Leukocytosis
3.Lymphadenopathy
4.Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP)?
What are the three shapes of bacteria?
What are cocci, bacilli, and spirochetes?
Round-Rod-Spirals
What is a molecule that is too small react on its own but can react with a specific antibody?
What is a hapten?
What term is defined as blood plasma filled with proteins that surround inflamed tissues?
What is exudate?
Is there an immunoglobulin that can cross the placenta, if so what one?
Yes, what is immunoglobulin G?
PreGnant!
What is the first to occur during the microscopic sequence of events of the inflammation process after an injury?
What is constriction of microcirculation?
What color do gram-positive stain, what color do gram-negative stain, what part of the cell is absorbed by the stain?
What is violet, pink, and cell wall?
Name the immune systems first line of defense, examples include secretions, skin, and mucous membranes.
What are physical barriers?
Defined as a nonspecific response based on the extent and duration of an injury can be described as local or systemic, as well as acute, chronic, or a combination.
What is inflammation?
IgE, basophils, and mast cells are involved in the histamine release of what type of hypersensitivity?
What is one potential deadly example?
What is Type I (Immediate Hypersensitivity), anaphylaxis?
Ellergies
True or false, the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) the first cell to show up to an injury site?
What is true, also known as neutrophils?
What are 3 examples of a DNA virus?
Human papilloma virus
Herpes Simplex I and II
Varicella-Zoster
CMV
Epstein-Barr virus
Smallpox
Hepatitis B
Name the 2 types of natural acquired immunity:
1. A person who is exposed to an antigen a builds antibodies
2. Antibodies passed from mother to infant
What is active and passive?
A cytokine that stimulates or affects the function of lymphocytes and other white blood cells?
What is an interleukin (IL)?
Immunoglobulin G is the largest quantity of immunoglobulins found in our bodies, but what is the largest immunoglobulin in size?
What is immunoglobulin M?
IgMAMMOTH
What are the 5 localized signs of inflammation in both English and Latin?
What is
Heat-Calor
Swelling-Tumor
Redness-Rubor
Loss of function-N/A?
Pain-Dalor
Bacteria grows in 4 phases, lag, logarithmic, stationary and death. True or False, Lag phase is when the bacteria grow rapidly?
What is false, lag phase is the first phase and bacteria grow slowly?
What are the 2 types of adaptive immunity and the cells associated with each type?
What is cellular immunity (T-cells) and humoral immunity (B-cells)?
What term defines the movement of white blood cells directed by biochemical mediators to an injured area?
What is chemotaxis?
The complement system is a group of proteins that assist the other defense mechanisms via circulation of blood, what 2 immunoglobulins are known to activate this system?
What is IgG and IgM?
What is a pathological condition that destroys healthy tissue & causes more damage than the original issue?
What is chronic inflammation?
There are many streptococci bacteria, which one does not relate to dental caries? Streptococcus mutans, streptococcus sanguinis, streptococcus pyogenes, or streptococcus sobrinus?
What is streptococcus pyogenes?
What are 3 abnormal immunity responses?
What are:
1.Allergies
2.Skin graft/transplant rejections
3. Autoimmune diseases
What term defines an infection caused by pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protozoa) that take advantage of someone with a weakened immune system?
What is an opportunistic infection?