Gut-Brain Axis
What does the vagus nerve connect?
Connects the gut and brain.
Name 3 foods that are fermented through the lactic acid fermentation process.
Possible Answers: Yogurt, kimchi, sauerkraut, cheese, kombucha, kefir, soy sauce, pickles, sourdough bread
Who invented penicillin?
Alexander Fleming
What do vampire bacteria do to their prey?
Attaches to prey and sucks nutrients from them until they die.
What is bad bacteria called?
Pathogens
What happens to depression levels when serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine decrease?
Depression levels rise.
What are probiotics?
Foods or supplements containing live microorganisms.
What is one of the reasons antibiotics have become less effective?
Overuse/Overprescription
Name three symptoms of rabies
Possible symptoms: Photophobia, Hydrophobia, Delirium, Hallucinations, Insomnia
A single human cell contains how many cells of bacteria?
10
Name one reason why there is no bacteria in your brain.
Possible answers: Blood Brain Barrier, Intestinal Barrier, Inflammatory Responses
What are prebiotics?
High-fiber foods acting as nutrition for human microbes
What type of bonds do lysins target?
Peptidoglycan bonds
Which element is the weakness of Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus)?
Silver
Who is known as the father of microbiology?
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
They clump together to form plaques that collect between neurons and disrupt cell function
Fermentation is the only way to get what vitamin in plant-based food?
Vitamin B12
What type of antibiotics target DNA gyrase?
Quinolones
What is a possible diagnosis of the strange symptoms shown in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692?
Ergotism/Ergot poisoning/St. Anthony's Fire
Aside from unique fingerprints, every single human being has a unique ____ _______ ecosystem.
Belly button
What does the gut produce when you are nervous or excited?
GABA and serotonin transmitters.
According to the CDC, approximately how many people get food poisoning every year in the US?
~48 million
Why are polyamines toxic to S. aureus?
What is the name of the fungus known as the zombie fungus?
Cordyceps ant fungus AKA Ophiocordyceps unilateralis
What does CRISPR stand for?
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats