History of Microbiology
The scientist that ultimately disproved spontaneous generation with an experiment using a swan-neck flask.
Who is Louis Pasteur?
The key characteristics setting prokaryotes apart from eukaryotes.
What is lack of a nucleus, or membrane-bound organelles?
The universal monosaccharide that all organisms can produce and break down.
What is glucose?
These are the three currently accepted domains of life.
Eukaryota, Bacteria, and Archaea.
This type of virus infects bacterial cells.
What is a bacteriophage?
A piece of evidence showing that humans have been using microbes for fermented food production for at least 9000 years.
What is the pottery found in a neolithic village in China contained traces of fermented rice, honey, and fruit?
The vast majority of bacteria have a cell wall composed of this substance.
What is peptidoglycan?
Aside from composing most cell walls and providing structure, it is the other major function of carbohydrates.
What is energy storage?
Yeast and mold are classified in this kingdom of life.
What is the kingdom fungi?
All viruses possess a capsid which is composed of this type of biomolecule.
What is protein?
The procedure that Ignaz Semmelweis introduced into medical practice, successfully preventing the spread of purpureal fever to maternity patients.
What is handwashing?
Many bacteria possess these hair-like extensions that allow it to stick to surfaces.
What are fimbriae (or pili also accepted)
Monosaccharides are often ring-shaped and have many of this functional group.
What is the hydroxyl (OH) group?
These diagrams initially developed by Carolus Linnaeus show the evolutionary relationships between organisms.
What are phylogenetic trees?
Naked viruses lack this structure, which is derived from its host.
What is a lipid membrane? (envelope also accepted)
The first to observe microorganisms after developing a high power microscope lens.
Who is Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek?
Bacteria that are spherically shaped and arranged in chains.
What are streptococci?
Fungal cell walls are composed of this polysaccharide.
What is chitin? (glucans also accepted)
This reference book contains all known bacterial species and classifies them based on morphological and biochemical characteristics.
What is Bergey's Manual?
These pathogens that cause Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Chronic Wasting Disease, and Mad Cow are composed only of protein.
What are prions?
The theory supported by the discovery that mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own DNA and ribosomes that are similar to bacterial DNA and ribosomes.
What is endosymbiotic theory?
A term referring to bacteria that have two flagella, one on each end of the cell.
What is amphitrichous?
These are molecules like glucose, fructose, and galactose that have the same molecular formula but different arrangement of atoms.
What are structural isomers?
Carl Woese and George Fox showed that bacteria and archaea are genetically very different from each other by studying these genes.
What are the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes?
Viroids are acellular pathogens composed only of this biomolecule.
What is RNA?