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Immune System
Scientists & Their Discoveries
This and That
Respiration
What am I?
100
Name at least two jobs that antibodies do.
1. Opsonization 2. Agglutination 3. Neutralization 4. Attaches to a target cell, cause destruction by eosinophils & NK cells 5. Antibody attached to an antigen can activate compliment
100
___________ invented the microscope.
Who is Zacharias Janssen.
100
What is the difference between phototrophs and chemotrophs?
Phototrophs: uses energy of sunlight Chemotrophs: uses organic chemical for energy
100
______ & ______ are the products of Krebs Cycle.
NADH & FADH2 (or CO2)
100
I have the ability to swarm and (according to Bonnie) I smell like hot chocolate! What am I?
Proteus
200
Phagocytosis is in which line of defense?
2nd line of defense.
200
What is the process of Tyndallization?
It is the process for sterilizing food; it can be used to kill spores. (Process: boil 10 - 24hr - boil 10 - 24hr - boil 10)
200
What is the difference between major and minor crossmatch?
Major: RBC of donor + Plasma of recipient Minor: RBC of recipient + Plasma of donor
200
NADH+ & FADH are oxidized during which stage(s) of aerobic respiration in the cell?
Electron Transport Chain
200
I am a gassy, anaerobic rod that produces endospores. What am I?
Clostridium
300
Why is live, attenuated vaccinations more effective than dead organism vaccination?
With live, attenuated organisms, you get the whole organism, all the antigens and they keep multiplying which means you keep making antibodies. (May last your whole life, so no need for booster.)
300
They discovered the 1st antiserum that was against a toxin.
vonBehring & Kitasato.
300
Give at least two differences of Eukaryotic & Prokaryotic cell.
Eukaryotic: 1. Has nucleus 2. Membrane bound organelles 3. 80s ribosomes 4. Sexual reproduction (slower) 5. Linear chromosomes in pairs 6. If flagella, structure is more complex 7. Has histones Prokaryotic 1. No nucleus 2. No membrane bound organelles 3. 70s ribosomes 4. Asexual reproduction (more rapid) 5. One circular chromosome 6. If flagella, simpler structure 7. No histones.
300
All of the following are produced during the reactions of glycolysis except: A. ATP B. Pyruvate C. CO2 D. Heat
C. Carbon Dioxide
300
We're members of the Enterobacteriaceae family that are VP(+), MR(-), and Lactose(+).
1. Klebsiella 2. Enterobacter 3. Serratia
400
_______ is a group of proteins found in serum that are involved in enhancing phagocytosis and lysis of bacteria.
Complement (system)
400
What is Koch's postulates?
Koch's postulates are as follows: - The bacteria must be present in every case of the disease. - The bacteria must be isolated from the host with the disease and grown in pure culture. - The specific disease must be reproduced when a pure culture of the bacteria is inoculated into a healthy susceptible host. - The bacteria must be recoverable from the experimentally infected host.
400
Differentiate between Active acquired and Passive acquired immunity.
Active acquired = immunization or vaccination --> only last few years, usually need a booster. Passive acquired = Gamma globulin --> usually last 3-6 months.
400
What is the pH in the fermentation tubes when acid is produced?
pH of 6.8 or below
400
I am a Gram-negative, lactose(-) rod that produces H2S and ferments Mannitol. What am I?
Salmonella