Microorganisms

Acid Fast

100

This stain for bacteria utilizes peanut oil because the use of alcohol for rehydration of slides would cause negative staining due to the target organisms not being alcohol-fast

Fite

200

This fixative should be avoided for acid-fast stains as it could cause normally acid-fast tissues to stain negative

Carnoy

300

Acid alcohol performs this role in carbol-fuchsin techniques

Differentiator

400

This type of water should be used when staining for acid-fast organisms and in which steps of histology

Millipore-filtered water in the flotation bath for microtomy and in the staining procedure if a water rinse is needed before Carbol-fuchsin is used

500

This is the property of microorganisms that acid fast stains depend on

Lipoid capsule and the ability of these organisms to resist decolorization with dilute acid

Gram & Giemsa

100

Gram + organisms will stain this color in the Brown-Hopps method

Blue-black

200

The differential staining achieved with the Gram stain is because of differences in this bacterial quality

Cell wall thickness and structure

300

This is the mordant for Gram stains

Iodine

400

This is the name of a specific proprietary formula of the Romanowsky type stain that can be used to demonstrate microorganisms

Diff-Quik

500

This category of dyes are used to demonstrate H. pylori

Romanowsky-type dyes

Fungi & Spirochetes

100

This is the recommended counterstain when PAS is used to demonstrate fungi

Light green

200

This is the preferred fixative for the Warthin Stary technique

10% NBF

300

This component differs when comparing PAS to CAS

The oxidizer (periodic acid vs. chromic acid)

400

Cryptococcus neoformans is unique compared to other yeastlike fungi due to its mucoid capsule, which means it can be demonstrated by these techniques

Those for acid mucosubstances like Mayer mucicarmine, Alcian blue, and Colloidal iron

500

Stains for the demonstration of spirochetes are based on this property

Argyrophilia 

Troubleshooting

100

This could result in acid fast organisms that appear on slide, but slightly out of the plane of the section

Using contaminated tap water in the water bath

200

This error in the Gram staining process may cause the formation of insoluble compounds that are difficult or impossible to decolorize

Allowing the slides to dry at any step in the procedure

300

This could cause chromic acid stained slides to turn brown

Not completely removing alcohol before placing slides in chromic acid

400

This is the process for correcting slides that were overstained with methylene blue in the Kinyoun acid-fast stain

Back the sections up to acid alcohol, then re-counterstain

500

Changing the time in this solution would help correct Brown & Hopps Gram stained slides with an intense red background

Picric acid-acetone differentiation

Potpourri

100

This component of the fungal cell wall makes it PAS positive

Carbohydrates

200

These types of methods would be necessary for the visualization of viruses

IHC (Immunohistochemistry) or ISH (In Situ Hybridization)

300

This step following Schiff reagent helps remove excess leucofuchsin

Rinsing with a sulfite solution

400

This specific component in the waxy layer of the bacterial cell wall is disrupted by Carnoy fixative, making acid-fast organisms stain non acid-fast

Mycolic acid

500

Grocott Methenamine Silver when used on the liver will prominently stain glycogen, causing a diffuse black stain that makes it difficult to see organisms. What could be done to prevent this?

Diastase digestion (Carbohydrates & Amyloids chapter)