Cells & Definitions
100 — This prefix means "very small."
What is "micro"?
These tiny organisms live in our gut and help with digestion and keep us healthy.
What are "microbes" or "bacteria (good bacteria/probiotics)"?
Two bacteria named in the notes that can cause food poisoning (name either).
What is "salmonella" or "E. coli"?
Microorganisms are grouped into four main types; name one.
What is "bacteria" (or "fungi," "protists," "viruses")?
100 — These are used to prevent viral infections like flu and chickenpox.
Answer: What are "vaccines"?
The smallest unit of life; all living things are made of these.
What is a "cell"?
Name two foods listed that are made using microorganisms. (Two short answers expected.)
What are "bread" and "yogurt" (also cheese)?
These microbes are often contagious and spread from person to person; covering your mouth when you cough helps stop them. (One-word answer.)
What are "viruses" (or "contagious microbes")?
All bacteria are this type of celled organism (single or multi?).
What are "unicellular" (single-celled) organisms?
200 — These treat bacterial infections but cannot treat viruses.
Answer: What are "antibiotics"?
A word that means a living thing. Combine with "micro" to name tiny living things.
What is an "organism"?
This type of microorganism is used to make the medicine penicillin.
What is "fungi" (Penicillium is a fungus)?
Bacteria in our mouth attack tooth enamel and can cause these two problems. (Two short answers.)
What are "cavities" and "gum disease"?
Bacteria can be shaped like three common forms. Give one shape (short answer).
What is "spheres" (cocci), "rods" (bacilli), or "spirals" (spirilla/spirochetes)?
On the Venn diagram: give one thing that belongs in the "BOTH" section (applies to vaccines and antibiotics).
Answer: What is "used to treat or prevent illness" or "help protect health"?
These organisms consist of only one cell (two words).
What are "single-celled organisms" or "unicellular organisms"?
These organisms break down dead plant and animal matter; without them dead matter would pile up.
What are "decomposers"?
This small microbe is the smallest of all microorganisms and can make us sick.
What is a "virus"?
Protists live in this type of environment (two words).
Answer: What is "moist or wet environments"?
Viruses need this in order to grow and reproduce; they cannot survive on their own. (Two-word answer: a ___ ___)
Answer: What is "living host"? (Or "a host cell")
Microorganisms cannot be seen without one of these instruments used by scientists to observe very small objects.
What is a "microscope"?
Bacteria help do this process in soil to make nitrogen available for plants (one-word answer).
What is "nitrogen fixation" (or "fix" the nitrogen)?
Name two serious harms caused by bacteria listed in the table (give any two).
What are "staph infection" and "food poisoning" (or "strep throat," "botulism," "E. coli")?
Give two reasons fungi are classified as microorganisms and not plants (two short reasons).
Answer: What are "they do not have leaves or roots" and "they are not producers" (do not make their own food like plants)?
ive one example of a viral illness and one example of a bacterial illness from the notes (two answers).
Answer: What are "flu" (virus) and "strep throat" (bacterial)? (Other acceptable: "chickenpox" and "E. coli" food poisoning)