W&E Vocabulary
process by which rock is split or broken into smaller pieces without changing its chemical composition or disintegration
Mechanical Weathering
The point on earth where the earthquake takes place.
Focus
Weathering or erosion? Wind blowing sand from one beach to another
Erosion
a sudden and violent shaking of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action
Earthquake
Erosion may happen due to glaciers, water and __?__.
Wind
the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces
Weathering
An earthquake has just occurred. Seismic waves from the earthquake are detected at two recording stations. At Recording Station A, S-P interval=78s. At Recording Station B, S-P interval=113s. Which recording station is farther away from the epicenter?
Station B
True or false: plants and animals contribute to mechanical weathering.
True!
a crack in the Earth’s crust
Fault
Which state has the most earthquakes?
Alaska
solid, fragmented material, such as silt, sand, gravel, and fossil fragments
Sediment
How many seismogram readings do you need to identify the epicenter of an earthquake?
3
Which climate conditions will cause the fastest chemical weathering of granite, sandstone, and shale?
Warm and wet
S-Waves are the __?__ waves to arrive on the seismograph.
second
Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?
A) Plant roots grow in cracks in rock and break the rock apart.
B) Freezing and thawing of water widens cracks in rocks.
C) Oxygen causes iron-bearing minerals in rock to break down.
C) Oxygen causes iron-bearing minerals in rock to break down.
Define deposition.
the dropping of sediment
What is the relationship between the P and S wave time difference (ΔT) and the distance to the epicenter?
The greater the S-P interval, the farther the location is from the epicenter.
__?__ __?__ also causes potholes to form in roadways.
Ice wedging
Define seismogram.
a record/graph of an earthquake
In what country was the most powerful earthquake ever recorded?
Chile
Define erosion.
the transportation of weathered material
Approximately how much more energy is released in a magnitude 8 earthquake compared to a magnitude 5 earthquake?
1,000 times greater
Which process causes rocks to weather to a reddish color?
Oxidation
The __?__ __?__ is used to determine the magnitude of an earthquake, given the distance from its epicenter and its amplitude
Richter Nomogram
About how long does it take a P wave to travel 100 km?
16.4 s
Answers accepted: 16-17 s