key terms
worldview
a collection of beliefs about life and the universe held by an individual or a group. an overall perspective
Francesco Petrarch
A philosopher who believed that classical art was superior. He re discovered classical. pre -christian classics.
most important impact of the silk road
Knowledge and ideas travelled from societies to societies by the travelers in the route.
What does ethnocentrism mean? What are some examples of how the Europeans were ethnocentric?
Ethnocentrism means believing that one’s own thoughts and ideas are superior to the thoughts and ideas of another.
Europeans destroyed ancient civilizations and cities, replaced traditional governments with their own, displaced and enslaved Indigenous and African peoples, and converted non-believers to Christianity.
Vasco da Gama
The first explorer to sail directly from Europe to India via the Indian Ocean.
Renaissance
is a historical period originated at Italy in the 14th century, known for its revival in classsical art, architecture, learning, and literature.
Savonarola
was a German monk, that preached sermons accusing the pope for corruption. he believed that material possessions were distraction.
Which group of people was most responsible for economic growth in Europe?
Italian City-States were the most successful in economic growth in Europe because of the merchants.
What were the positive consequences of imperialism? What were the negative consequences of imperialism?
For the Indigenous People
Indigenous people made new alliances
Indigenous people got new/better trade goods (metal and fabric)
Exchange of new ideas, knowledge and technologies for both sides (exposure to diversity)
Indigenous people were killed by European diseases (smallpox, TB) they had no immunity to
Indigenous people were forced into slavery
Species and resources became extinct/were completely used up
Indigenous people lost land
Indigenous cities got destroyed
Indigenous people lost their culture and way of life (some were converted to Christianity)
For the European People
Prestige/good reputation for the home country
Power for the home country
Money/wealth for the home country
More land for the home country
Military strength for the home country
New/cheaper resources for the home country
Home country got to spread their ideas about government and religion
Home country gets slaves
Colonies were new places for colonists to go when the cities of Europe became overcrowded
Colonies are expensive to set up and support for the home country
Colonies are hard to defend when they’re far away and also when they’re large
There is a chance the colonies will rebel against the home country
Increased war and conflict caused by competition
Christopher Columbus
The first explorer to have contact with North American Indigenous people. He believed he had landed in Asia when in fact he was in North America.
Classical Europe
The ancient Greece and Roman
Cosimo de Medici
the first of Medici dynasty. The family in power in the city state of Florence.
What led to the success of the city-states? (4 characteristics of city states)
geography: location on the Mediterranean Sea
Social Organization: no feudalism, opportunities existed to better your status
Climate: year-round trade and agriculture
Leadership: city-states ruled by wealthy families, not kings
What is imperialism?
Imperialism means when a country conquers new land and the people in it and claims it as their own.
Ferdinand Magellan
The first explorer to circumnavigate the world. He died along the way but one of his ships made it back to Europe.
Mediterranean sea
its a sea located between Europe and Africa. It is used to trade between Asian and Europe
Bartholomea Dias
the first explorer that sailed along the coast of Africa and reached the cape of good hope.
Who preserved books and manuscripts from Classical Europe?
Muslims
How did rulers of countries (like King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain) achieve their expansionist goals? (hint: who did they give $ to?)
They sponsored (gave money to) people like Christopher Columbus to explore and find new routes to Asia, thus expanding their country’s power.
What are some political, economic and social effects of the Black Death?
Some consequences are the people lost faith in the monarchy, severe labor shortages on the manors, economic downturn (feudal system started to crumble), and loss of faith in religion.
Exploration
the discovery of land, gold, trade and christanity.
King Ferdinand & Queen Isabella
the pair of marriage which believed to have created Spain, they joined the castile and aragon. they gave money to Columbus.
What are some differences between Medieval and Renaissance art?
Paintings used perspective. Art became more realistic and detailed, as did sculptures. Music became more vibrant and non-religious. Literature themes revolved less on religion and more on love and self-discovery. Architecture adopted Classical styles like columns and domes.
Navigation
The process of controlling and knowing to move yourself in a craft. With the help of navigation instruments you can navigate.
What was the Silk Road?
It was a collection of land routes that connected Eastern Europe with Western Asia (trade of goods and ideas happened along these roads).