Take it to heart
High pitched, discontinuous sounds similar to the sound produced by rubbing your hair between your fingers
What are crackles?
Dorsalis pedis pulses
What is top of feet?
This adventitious breath sound is a superficial grating or creaking sound heard during inspiration and expiration
What is friction rub?
A reduction of inadequate circulating blood or hemoglobin and subsequent reduction in tissue oxygenation resulting in a bluish coloration
What is cyanosis?
Dilated tortuous veins with incompetent valves
What are varicose viens?
On the medial surface of the arm, 3cm above the elbow
What is the epitrochlear node?
Should not be palpable unless there is an infection
Cardiac auscultation sites
What are aorta, pulmonic, Erb's, tricuspid and mitral?
pulse is found behind the medial malleolus?
What is posterior tibial?
This is a technique to assess for chest excursion
What is placing the hands on the back and asking the patient to breathe in and out?
This is a blowing or swishing sound
What is a bruit?
Dyspnea, orthopnea, crackles, cough, and S3 gallop
What are signs of left-sided heart failure?
Soft, palpable, movable, non-tender, and <1cm, located in the groin area
What are healthy inguinal lymph nodes?
Unhealthy: Enlarged > 1m, hard, non-mobile, joined together (there is a concern for malignancy)
Where you palpate the PMI
What is the 5th ICS at the midclavicular line?
An ulcerated area close to the ankle on the leg.
What is Chronic venous insufficiency?
the hollow sound produced by lungs filled with air
What is Resonance?
Very deep pitting, indentation lasts a long time, the leg is very swollen
What is grade 4 edema
1-mild pitting, slight indentation, no perceptible swelling of leg
2-moderate pitting, indentation rapidly subsides
3-deep pitting, indentation remains for a short time, leg looks swollen
Peripheral edema, ascites, enlarged spleen, jugular venous distention, and hepatomegaly.
What are signs of right-sided heart failure?
Lymph nodes on side of the neck toward the front of the body
What are the anterior cervical lymph nodes?
8 front 8 back 1 RML. Not over bone or breast tissue.
What is where you auscultate lung sounds?
A papule, nodule, or plaque in the skin due to lipid deposits
What is a Xanthoma?
This condition is due to long term hypoxemia, where the angle between the nail and the nail bed is 190 degrees or greater
What is clubbing?
Three Ps of occlusion
What is pain, pallor, and pulselessness?
cramping and numbness & tingling of the lower extremities.
relief of pain symptoms when the lower extremities are elevated
What is arterial insufficiency?
Lymph nodes on the side of the neck towards the back of the body
What are the posterior cervical lymph nodes?
S1 Closure of the mitral valve Signals the beginning of systole S2 Closure of the aortic valve
What are normal heart sounds
Yellowish-white lumps of fatty material in the inner part of the lower and upper lids
What is a Xanthelasma?
Sound you hear when you auscultate the lower lobes of a healthy patient’s lungs
What are Vesicular breath sounds (Vesicular breath sounds are soft, low-pitched, and prolonged during inspiration)?
calf pain with passive dorsiflexion of the foot
What is Homan's sign?
The ratio between the SBP at the ankle and the SBP at the brachial artery
What is the ABI or Ankle Brachial index?
Normal 1-1.4
PAD <0.
Critical limb ischemia <0.4
Lymph node at the back of the neck at the base of the skull
What is the occipital lymph node?