A European-wide struggle fought mainly in Germany that was caused by Protestant nobles who rebelled against a Catholic prince in Bohemia who intended to reinstitute Catholicism.
What is the Thirty Years War?
100
A German princess who married Tsar Peter III and followed him after his murder by a faction of nobles in 1762. She was eager to pursue reform but her policies resulted in a peasant rebellion by Pugachev.
Who is Catherine the Great?
100
A royal château in the Île-de-France region of France ordered to be built by Louis XIV.
What is Versailles?
100
Invented by Johannes Gutenberg, it introduced the era of mass communication which permanently altered the structure of society in Europe.
What is the Printing Press?
100
A cultural movement beginning in Italy that lasted roughly from the 14th to 17th centuries. Its influence was felt in literature, philosophy, art, music, politics, science, religion, and other aspects of intellectual inquiry.
What is the Renaissance?
200
A consequence of Charles VI failing to produce a male heir in which he negotiated the Pragmatic Sanction to legalize his daughter as heir.
What is the War of Austrian Succession?
200
A Christian theologian and Augustinian monk whose teachings inspired the Protestant Reformation and deeply influenced the doctrines of Protestant and other Christian traditions.
Who is Martin Luther?
200
Built to model Versailles, the city was founded by the Tsar Peter the Great in 1703 and was the largest imperial capital of Russia.
What is St. Petersburg?
200
An invention that made mining more efficient and fueled the industrial revolution.
What is the steam engine?
200
A cultural movement of intellectuals beginning in the late 17th and 18th century Europe that emphasizes reason and individualism rather than tradition.
What is the Enlightenment?
300
A plague cause by fleas on Asian black rats that spread to Europe from Genoese merchant from the Middle East or Crimea.
What is the Black Death?
300
An Italian Renaissance painter, sculptor, architect, musician, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist, and writer who epitomized the Renaissance humanist ideal.
Who is Leonardo da Vinci?
300
A papal city that wasthe most important place of artistic production of the entire continent with masters who left an indelible mark on Western figurative art, such as Michelangelo and Raphael.
What is Rome?
300
A device that eased the process of execution and is most famously remembered for its use during the French Revolution.
What is the Guillotine?
300
A period starting in the early 15th century and continuing to the 17th century. During this period Europeans explored Africa, the Americas, Asia and Oceania.
What is the Age of Exploration/Discovery?
400
A conflict caused by the seizure of Gascony in 1337 by Philip VI of France and ended in 1453 with only Calais remaining in English hands.
What is the Hundred Years War?
400
An influential French theologian and pastor during the Protestant Reformation. He was a principal figure in the development of a system of Christian theology.
Who is John Calvin?
400
The capital and largest city of Austria which was the home of the junior House of Habsburg.
What is Vienna?
400
Originally invented in China, it made its way to Europe along the Silk Road. It helped develop modern warfare and shifted the balance of power.
What is gunpowder?
400
A period of radical social and political upheaval in France from 1789 to 1799 that profoundly affected French and modern history, marking the decline of powerful monarchies and churches and the rise of democracy.
What is the French Revolution?
500
A war in which new alliances were made featuring conflict in Europe, North America, and India. Great Britain and Prussia squared off against Russia, Austria, and France.
What is the Seven Years War?
500
Known as Louis the Great or the Sun King, a monarch of the House of Bourbon who ruled as King of France.
Who is Louis XIV
500
The captial of the Aztec Empire that was sieged by Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés.
What is Tenochtitlan?
500
A small, highly maneuverable sailing ship developed in the 15th century by the Portuguese to explore along the West African coast and into the Atlantic Ocean.
What is the Caravel?
500
The schism within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther and John Calvin.