Airspace
This airspace begins at 18,000 feet MSL and extends up to FL600.
What is Class B airspace?
This chart provides the most detail for VFR pilots, with a scale of 1:500,000.
What is a Sectional Chart?
A TAF is issued for this specific type of location.
What is an airport (terminal aerodrome)?
METARs are issued routinely at this interval
What is every hour?
During takeoff roll, the first action for an engine failure is to do this with the throttle.
What is pull it to idle?
This class of controlled airspace surrounds major airports and requires two-way radio communication and a Mode C transponder beginning at the surface and extending up to 10,000 feet MSL.
What is Class B airspace?
This chart type, at 1:250,000 scale, is used for training and helicopter operations.
What is a TAC or Helicopter Route Chart?
A standard TAF normally covers this forecast period.
What is 24 to 30 hours?
If a METAR is issued at a time other than the top of the hour due to rapidly changing conditions, it gets this label.
What is SPECI?
If smoke in the cockpit becomes severe, this action can help clear it.
What is opening the vents/windows?
Pilots need only two-way radio communication, not a clearance, to enter this controlled airspace class.
What is Class D airspace?
Found in blue text boxes, these frequencies allow pilots to obtain weather and advisory information before takeoff.
What is AWOS/ASOS or ATIS?
The TAF is updated routinely this many times per day.
What is four times per day? (00Z, 06Z, 12Z, 18Z)
The cloud group “BKN015” indicates this type and height of ceiling.
What is broken at 1,500 feet AGL?
Sluggish controls in flight may indicate this aerodynamic condition forming on surfaces.
What is icing?
This class of airspace is often depicted in magenta and begins at 700' or 1,200' AGL to protect IFR approaches.
What is Class E airspace?
This line of numbers on a sectional chart shows the maximum elevation for a given area
What is the Maximum Elevation Figure (MEF)?
In the TAF, this group identifies the valid beginning and ending times of the forecast.
What is the “DDHH/DDHH” group?
If the visibility is coded “M1/4SM,” the “M” means this.
What is “less than”?
A total radio failure requires a pilot to set this light-gun signal receiver to see tower instructions at night.
What are exterior lights
This uncontrolled airspace exists from the surface to 700 or 1,200 feet AGL in many areas.
What is Class G airspace?
This long, thin magenta line with arrows marks a high-frequency navigation route for low-level IFR operations.
What is a Victor airway?
This coding system is used in TAFs to provide weather, wind, and visibility in a compact format.
What is METAR-format coding?
A METAR showing “00000KT” describes this wind condition.
What is calm wind?
For a forced landing at night, pilots are taught to aim toward this indicator of civilization.
What is lighted areas/roads (but avoid traffic)?