Peasants
What kind of work did peasants do? Name 3 things.
Peasants worked as farmers, laborers, and craftsmen, performing tasks essential for survival.
What was the training process for knights?
Training began in childhood, with boys serving as pages, then squires, before being knighted.
How did the Church influence the people during the Middle Ages? Name 3 ways.
The Church was extremely influential, controlling education, politics, and moral behavior.
What was the Black Plague?
The Black Plague was a deadly pandemic caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis.
What is chivalry and what 3 things does it emphasize?
Chivalry is a code of conduct for knights, emphasizing honor, courage, and courtesy.
What were peasants' homes like?
Peasants lived in simple one-room houses made of wood and mud, often shared with animals.
What weapons did knights use? Name 3 specific weapons.
Knights used swords, lances, and shields, as well as bows and maces.
What were monasteries?
Monasteries were religious communities where monks lived, prayed, and preserved knowledge.
How was the Black Plague transmitted? Name 2 ways.
The plague was spread by fleas on rats and through person-to-person contact.
How did chivalry affect relationships?
Chivalry idealized courtly love and respect for women, influencing societal norms.
How did peasants pay taxes? Name 3 ways.
Peasants paid taxes to their lord in the form of crops, labor, or money.
What was the purpose of tournaments? Name 2 reasons.
Tournaments allowed knights to practice combat skills and demonstrate bravery. They were also used for entertainment.
What was the purpose of tithes?
Tithes were a tax paid to the Church, often 10% of a person's income or produce.
What were the social effects of the Black Plague? Name 2 ways.
The plague caused fear, disrupted families, and weakened faith in the Church.
What role did religion play in chivalry?
Religion was central, with knights swearing oaths to protect the Church and uphold Christian values.
What was a serf?
A serf was a peasant bound to the land they worked, unable to leave without their lord's permission.
What were the stages of becoming a knight?
The stages were page, squire, and finally knighthood, after proving skill and loyalty.
What were pilgrimages?
Pilgrimages were journeys to holy sites, undertaken for spiritual reasons.
How did the Black Plague affect urban areas?
Crowded cities were hit hardest, with high death tolls and widespread chaos.
How was chivalry displayed in battle?
Knights followed rules of fairness and often showed mercy to defeated enemies.
How did at least 3 of the seasons affect peasant life?
Peasants' work depended on the seasons, with planting in spring, harvesting in summer, and maintenance in winter.
What role did knights play in the feudal system?
Knights served their lords by protecting the land and fighting in battles.
How did the Church enforce its authority?
The Church used excommunication and interdicts (things that were forbidden to do) to maintain control and discipline.
What were some treatments for the plague?
Treatments included bloodletting, herbal remedies, and quarantine, though most were ineffective.
What were the consequences of breaking chivalry?
Knights who broke the code faced dishonor and loss of respect among peers.