England
France
Holy Roman Empire
Crisis & Corruption
Crusades
100

The viking king who invaded France, was defeated and given land in the north of France

Rollo

100

term for when nobles elected the king from among their ranks

elective monarchy

100

The last Carolingian king to reunite the 3 kingdoms and rule them all together; was deposed by his nephew

Charles the Fat

100

the sinful practice of buying and selling holy objects or church offices

simony

100

The pope who preached the Crusades and encouraged people to join

Pope Urban II

200

The holy king of England who grew up in Normandy and became king after his half brother Harthacanute died without an heir

Edward the Confessor
200

the method of inheritance where the eldest son inherits everything

primogeniture

200

The Duke of Saxony who married a nun and then put her away and married a saint instead

Henry the Fowler

200

the practice of kings/emperors appointing bishops and abbots

lay investiture

200

The nomadic peoples who converted to Islam and conquered Anatolia

Turks

300

The battle and year in which Harold Godwinson defeated his brother Tostig and Harald Hardrada

The Battle of Stamford Bridge

300

The Frankish duke was elected king, and then immediately had his own son crowned king to ensure his family would keep the crown

Hugh Capet

300

The saintly woman married to the Saxon king of the Franks who used her wealth to help the poor, and was exiled by her sons because of it

St. Matilda

300

the pope responsible for many reforms in the Church during the Middle Ages - he excommunicated many bishops who had purchased their positions

Gregory VII

300

the battle in which the Seljuk leader, Alp Arslan, defeated the Byzantine emperor. this event caused the emperor to call on the pope for help 

Battle of Manzikert

400

The battle and year in which William of Normandy defeated Harold Godwinson

Battle of Hastings, Oct 1066

400

The saint who appeared to Hugh Capet and told him his descendants would rule for 7 generations

St. Valery

400

The king of the eastern Franks who earned the title of "Holy Roman Emperor" after defeating the Lombards and saving the Pope and the Queen of Italy

Otto I

400

The Patriarch of Constantinople who outlawed the Latin Rite and was in conflict with Cardinal Humbert

Michael Cerularius

400

the 'crusade' made up of a ragtag bunch of untrained men who killed a lot of Jews on their way to the Seljuk land, and were ultimately destroyed by the Seljuks

the Pauper's/People's Crusade

500

3 Ways the Norman invasion of England changed English culture/society

1. language

2. castles

3. hierarchy

4. start of feudal system

500

The Frenchman who finally brings down the Holy Roman Empire in 1806

Napoleon

500

The system devised by Otto I to ensure his nobles were loyal and other nobles couldn't take their land: 

Ottonian System - appointed his loyal friends and family as clergymen and then gave them land so other nobles couldn't tax them or take this new "church" land

500

The saint who wrote books and preached against simony and homosexuality among the clergy

St. Peter Damien

500

The first city besieged by the Crusaders. The Byzantine emperor ended up negotiating with the Turks to get this city back peacefully

Nicaea