Lesson 1
Geography
Geography
What two mountains are the boundaries between Europe and Asia?
The Ural mountains and the Caucasus mountains are the boundaries between Europe and Asia.
What is feudalism and why was it created?
Use detail or you will not get the points.
Feudalism was a political and social system that was a response to the breakdown of centralized authority and the need for protection from invasions. It structured society around land ownership and military service, where landholders (lords) granted land (fiefs) to vassals in exchange for loyalty, military service, and other service
What are monasteries and convents? What did people do there? Men called ___ lived in ___. Women, called ___ lived in ____.
Monasteries and Convents are religious communities where men and women could live simple, religious, holy lives. Men called monks lived in monasteries. Women called nuns lived in convents
What were the two main religions forming at this time (during the Middle Ages?)
Christianity and Islam (in the Middle East)
How many continents does Earth have and what are they?
*BONUS 1000 points- list them in size order starting with the largest continent in terms of land area
What are some important peninsulas found in northern Europe?
Some peninsulas located in northern Europe are the Jutland Peninsula that divides the North Sea from the Baltic Sea. Further north, there are also the Scandinavian and Kola peninsulas.
What was the gift of land given by a lord called?
a fief
What was daily life like in monasteries? Was it easy, or hard? Be detailed. What were some things / places found on a monastery?
Daily life was harsh, they followed strict rules that were given by Benedict. These were places where the most important learning was done. So, one of the most important places there was a library. There were also kitchens, churches, schools, cemeteries, gardens, and many animals like chickens, pigs, cows, horses, goats, and sheep.
What is the Holy Land and why is it 'holy'? What did people do every year because of how special this place is?
HINT:
The Holy Land was a special place for _________, ________, and _________ because it was the birthplace of ___________. Every year, many European ____________ (both rich and poor) made ______________, or ____________ to a holy place for a special religious purpose.
The Holy Land was a special place for Christians, Jews, and Muslims because it was the birthplace of Christianity. Every year, many European Christians (both rich and poor) made pilgrimages, or journeys to a holy place for a special religious purpose.
What was the land involved in feudalism called? What happened there? Who lived there?
The land involved in feudalism was called a manor. On a manor, (a large farming estate) nobles and serfs lived and worked.
What does navigable mean?
A river that is d______ and w_______ enough so that large s________ and b_______ can t__________ on it, serve as h_____________ for transporting goods and p____________.
The term 'navigable' refers to a river that is deep and wide enough so that large ships and boats can travel on it, serve as highways for transporting goods and people.
What was the largest social class during the Middle Ages? What was their job? What did they do?
Serfs were the largest social class and they worked on the land by farming and doing other jobs like carpentry and masonary work.
What was one of the most important room in the monastery and what was located beneath it? What happened in that room?
One of the most important places was the library. Under it, was the scriptorium. This is where books were reproduced / copied since there were no computers back then.
What began after Pope Urban II addressed a huge gathering of Christians in France in 1095? And, what was their goal at this time?
The holy wars known as the Crusades began and lasted for over 200 years. Kings, queens, lords, knights, monks, nuns, and serfs all set out to recapture the Holy Land.
Complete the facts about Charlemagne:
1. He was known as "_________ the _________"
2. He was the leader / king of ____ ________
3. He was also called the greatest _______ of all those l____________"
4. He ruled for ___ years and doubled the size of his k____________
5. He founded the H_____ _______ __________
Complete the facts about Charlemagne:
1. He was known as "Charles the Great "
2. He was the leader / king of The Franks
3. He was also called the greatest man of all those living "
4. He ruled for ___ years and doubled the size of his kingdom
5. He founded the Holy Roman Empire
What is Europe’s longest river? What is Europe’s second-longest river?
Europe's longest river is the Volga. The second longest river is the Danube.
What happened after Charlemagne’s death in 814?
After Charlemagne’s death in 814, the Franks were being a___________ by northern r_____________ called _____________ / ____________.
After Charlemagne’s death in 814, the Franks were being attacked by northern raiders called the Vikings / Northmen .
What was the job of a scribe and why were they so important during the Middle Ages? What was another job of the scribe?
The scribes were responsible for carefully copying books by hand. Without the efforts of the scribes, the world would know very little about the legacy of ancient Greece and Rome. Scribes also had to illustrate (draw) Bible stories showing the events in the lives of Christian saints
As towns grew larger, groups called __________ were formed to control ___________. All people in a _____ perform the same _____________. They had their own set of rules, and opened their doors only to ___________
As towns grew larger, groups called guilds were formed to control trade. All people in a guild perform the same craft. They had their own set of rules, and opened their doors only to masters
What methods did the Vikings use?
The Vikings used the methods of s_______ and s__________. They would slip into villages when it was d________ and people were s____________. Withamazing speed, they attacked c__________ and homes and killed many people.
The Vikings used the methods of speed and s__________. They would slip into villages when it was d________ and people were s____________. Withamazing speed, they attacked c__________ and homes and killed many people.
What encouraged the growth of European civilization?
HINT: Europe’s r_____ g______ f________ encouraged the growth of European civilization.
Europe’s rich geographic features encouraged the growth of European civilization.
How did men become knights?
From childhood, male children of nobles were trained to become knights by starting at age ____ as a ______. At 14 years old, pages became __________. If squires served well, they would become ____________ at ________ years old.
From childhood, male children of nobles were trained to become knights by starting at age 7 as a page. At 14 years old, pages became squires. If squires served well, they would become knights at 20 years old.
Who was one of the most widely known and loved saints during the Middle Ages? Why did people like him so much?
Saint Francis of Assisi was one of the most widely known and well loved saints because he had a joyful love for all living things. His life inspired others to follow his example.
What was the Magna Carta? Who was not happy about it? Did he give them what they want? What made him change his mind?
The Magna Carta was a list of demands given to the greedy king, King John. It was a list of their demands, which angered the king. He refused to grant the rights named on it until he saw his great army of kings supported it.
What happened in the years following (after) the Crusades ended? Use detail in your answer. Provide examples
After the crusades ended, Europe reached new heights. Town life and commerce flourished across the continent. Europe changed from a feudal society into a trading center with flourishing towns