vocab
The exchange of food, goods, diseases, and ideas between the New and Old Worlds.
Columbia Exchange
This country gained independence through a slave revolt.
Haiti
Why is it important to study the Olmecs, Mayans, and Aztecs?
A) They all lived in exactly the same time period.
B) They were all European civilizations.
C) They help us understand the region's history, achievements, and cultural development.
D) They all lived in the Caribbean islands.
C) They help us understand the region's history, achievements, and cultural development.
Who helped begin Mexico's independence movement in 1810?
A) Hernán Cortés
B) Simón Bolívar
C) Montezuma II
D) Miguel Hidalgo
D) Miguel Hidalgo
Explain why people in New Spain wanted independence from Spain. Describe at least two reasons people might have opposed Spanish colonial rule.
People in New Spain (which is mostly Mexico today) wanted independence because they were tired of being treated unfairly by the Spanish king. Life under Spanish rule was not equal, and people wanted the freedom to make their own choices and keep the money they worked hard to earn. They hated the unfair Caste System and the king was Stealing Wealth and Taxes.
There can be other answers.
A territory controlled by another country is called.
Colony
This Spanish Conquistador was responsible for conquering the Aztecs.
Herman Cortes
Which statement best explains the relationship between colonization and independence movements?
A) Colonization always prevented people from seeking freedom.
B) Colonial rule sometimes led people to resist foreign control and fight for independence.
C) Independence movements created the first civilizations in the Americas.
D) Colonization and independence mean exactly the same thing.
B) Colonial rule sometimes led people to resist foreign control and fight for independence.
What was a major reason people in Spanish America fought for independence?
A) They wanted Spain to increase its control forever.
B) They wanted greater political control and freedom from Spanish rule.
C) They wanted to end all cultural traditions.
D) They wanted to return to the Olmec civilization.
B) They wanted greater political control and freedom from Spanish rule.
Explain one major challenge faced by Middle America or the Caribbean, either historically or today. Describe the challenge and explain how it can affect people or communities. Examples might include poverty, inequality, natural disasters, or the effects of colonialism.
Corruption, Weak Democracy, Political Instability, Lack of Trust, High Unemployment, Widespread poverty (unable to afford things), Big Inequality, natural disasters, ETC..
The Mexican priest who helped begin the independence movement in 1810.
Miguel Hidalgo
The civilization that built Tenochtitlán.
Aztecs
Which was a major consequence of Spanish colonization for many Indigenous communities?
A) All Indigenous people gained equal rights and wealth.
B) Indigenous populations experienced forced labor, disease, and loss of land.
C) Indigenous civilizations gained complete control over Spain.
D) Trade and cultural contact ended entirely.
B) Indigenous populations experienced forced labor, disease, and loss of land.
Which of the following is an example of cultural diffusion?
A) A food or musical tradition spreading from one culture to another.
B) A community refusing to interact with any other group.
C) A country closing all its schools.
D) A ruler banning all trade.
A) A food or musical tradition spreading from one culture to another.
Explain how Spanish colonization changed Middle America. Describe two changes involving government, society, religion, population, or culture.
They made many Native Americans change religion, Christianity (specifically Catholicism) and cultures. Many Native Americans also had to change languages. Over time, Spanish music, food, and art blended with Native traditions to create a brand-new culture. For example, some holidays celebrated today mix old Aztec ideas with Spanish traditions.
ETC... there can be other answers
A system that ranked people in colonial Spanish America by ancestry and racial background.
Caste system
A holiday tradition that honors deceased loved ones
Day of the Dead
Which statement best describes the Caribbean?
A) A region of islands and surrounding coasts in and around the Caribbean Sea.
B) A region made up only of deserts.
C) A country in South America.
D) A region located in northern Europe.
A) A region of islands and surrounding coasts in and around the Caribbean Sea.
What did the caste system do?
A) Gave everyone the same social status.
B) Created the first Mayan calendar.
C) Organized people into social rankings based largely on ancestry.
D) Ended colonialism throughout the Americas.
C) Organized people into social rankings based largely on ancestry.
Explain the encomienda system and the casta system. How were these two systems different, and how did they affect people living in New Spain?
The encomienda system was a forced-labor rule, and the casta system was a ranked social pyramid based on race.
encomienda system: Instead of protecting them, the bosses forced the Indigenous people to work like slaves in gold mines, silver mines, and on huge farms. It caused terrible sickness, exhaustion, and the death of millions of Native Americans.
Caste system: The Spanish government made a giant scoreboard or pyramid to rank everyone by their family tree and skin color
somewhat there can be different answers explaining how they are different and how they are.
Freedom from foreign rule.
independance
The early civilization known for giant stone heads
Olmec civilization
What is Día de los Muertos (day of the dead) primarily about?
A) Celebrating Spanish military victories.
B) Celebrating the start of the Columbian Exchange.
C) Remembering and honoring deceased loved ones.
D) Honoring the founding of Tenochtitlán.
C) Remembering and honoring deceased loved ones.
What was the purpose of the encomienda system from the Spanish colonists' perspective?
A) To give every Indigenous person equal political power.
B) To end Spanish control of the Americas.
C) To establish independence from Spain.
D) To provide colonists with Indigenous labor and tribute.
D) To provide colonists with Indigenous labor and tribute.
Explain the Columbian Exchange. What moved between the Old World and the New World? Give at least two examples and explain one positive or negative effect.
The Columbian Exchange was a giant trade of plants, animals, ideas, and diseases between the Old World (Europe, Asia, and Africa) and the New World (North and South America) after Christopher Columbus sailed across the ocean in 1492.
From the New World to the Old World:
From the Old World to the New World: