History
Who was the founder of the scientific practice of Introspectionism ?
Wilhelm Wundt
What sense(s) are associated with Electromagnetic energy?
Vision
How many geons are in the RBC Computational Model?
36 Geons
Tracking a bird with your eyes is what type of attention?
Overt attention
What are the Three Stages of Scientific Psycholoogy?
Introspectionism, Behaviorism, and Modern Cognitive Psychology
True or False: There are more Rods than Cones in the Fovea.
False: Although there are OVERALL more Rods than Cones, most of the photoreceptors in the Fovea are Cones!
True or False: Visual information like color, shape and size is processed sequentially
False: Parallel processing of visual information occurs in the brain. Different parts of the brain are responsible for processing different aspects of visual information (V1, V4, IT)
The cocktail party effect supports late processing (filters noise but uses top-down processing to make your name stand out)
Name 2 problems with Behaviorism.
Unable to deal with numerous phenomena (delayed behavior), Language, Learning can occur without changes in behavior, and there is no theory (explanation) of cognition
Marr argued that any problem can be broken up into 3 Levels. Name 2 of the levels.
Level 1: Computational, Level 2: Representation and Algorithm, Level 3: Hardware Implementation
What would the firing rate look like for stimulus that covers the entire receptive field of a neuron?
The same as a neuron firing with no stimulus
During the dichotic listening experiment, what features were they able to pick up on?
Loudness, Pitch and Pacing
What is the standard method structure of scientific psychology?
Hint: Think about what steps all experiments go through.
Form hypotheses --> Prediction --> Collect Data --> Confirm/reject/modify hypotheses
We use unconscious inferences to perceive objects as the most likely normal. Which of these are NOT one of the inferences?
Cohesive objects, shadows are darker, objects are concave not convex, as few objects as possible
Objects are concave not convex. We actually infer that objects are CONVEX, not concave.
James walks up to Sally and keeps waving at her. Sally doesn't wave back because she does not recognize James. Why could this be?
The Stroop effect describes which phenomenon?
Automatic Attention: Some stimuli are easy to process and are hard to ignore (hard to avoid paying attention to the meaning of words)
Name 4 measurement methods in Cognitive Neuroscience.
Performance of accuracy, Response Time, Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Functional MRI (fMRI), Neuroimaging, EEG
Name 2 Monocular Depth Cues and explain how we perceive depth using each cue.
Linear Perspective: Parallel lines converge in the distance
Occlusion: Occluded objects are behind occluders
Light and Shadow: light comes from above
Texture gradient: Close objects have more texture/detail
Motion Parallax: close objects move quicker than farther objects
Faces are recognized holistically. What is the more important aspect of being able to recognize a face?
The relationships between the nose, mouth, and ears, not just the presence of them.
You see a flock of birds and are able to spot a striped red bird among white birds. What type of visual search is this? Would increasing the number of birds decrease performance (increase response time)?
This is a parallel search; increasing stimuli DOES NOT affect performance.