From the Llano culture; found near Leander, TX in 1982
LEANDERTHAL WOMAN
100
Manitou, Orenda, Wyakin
DIVINE FORCES / SPIRITS
100
A reinforced social heirarchy or class structure. Basically a license purchased from the King that allowed Spaniards to control vast areas and enslave.
ENCOMIENDA
100
First Spanish Texas capital
LOS ADAES
100
Gorretas
mud skull caps
200
Holy hole in the ground inside the kiva.
SIPAPU
200
belief in a man-centered universe;
God is the center of the universe, humans are image of God
ANTHROPOMORPHIC
200
First European to set foot on Texas soil
ALVAR NUNEZ CABEZA DE VACA
200
People of Indian and Black descent
COYOTES
200
Guaraches
LEATHER SANDALS
300
Area near El Paso where natrual rock basins furnished a supply of trapped water to dwellers and travelers.
HUECO TANKS
300
Native American belief that everone is equal and we're all dependent on one another;
Mankind/animals = all the same
CYCLE OF LIFE
300
First black man to set foot on Texas soil
ESTEBAN
300
People of Spanish and Indian descent
MESTIZOS
300
When Spaniards left west Texas after the Pueblo Revolt, they traveled 350 miles, 80 of which are waterless.
JORNADA DE MUERTO or JOURNEY OF THE DEAD
400
Tribe known as the Basket Makers;
1st traveling salesmen;
developed the 1st wheelbarrow;
nomadic tribe
JUMANOS
400
Superstitious tribe - leader blew smoke in 4 directions for longevity, health and luck;
never spoke of dead, got rid of belongings;
no witchcraft or sorcery;
did not believe in hereafter
LIPAN APACHE
400
Vacas lanudas, or "hairy cows"
BUFFALO
400
Sent by King Charles to survey from Santa Fe, NM to TX to Mississippi River to re-evaluate the security of New Spain's north provinces. Wrote reports about forts.
MARQUIS DE RUBI
400
A plan to eliminate or eradicate the Apache;
conduct search & destroy missions against hostiles;
make them independent by giving them alcohol, guns, food, clothing
INSTRUCCION DE 1786
500
Servant of the Lipan Apache chief
SEGUNDO
500
Tribe who believed that when one died, they went to a "House of Death" which is a state of happy limbo, waiting for the souls of family
CADDO
500
City along the Rio Grande south of El Paso where the 1st Thanksgiving (ever) was held
SAN ELIZARIO
500
Very successful French or German national commander who organized commando/shock troops
TEODORE DE CROIX
500
Shaman and charismatic cacique/chief who led the Pueblo Revolt of 1680.