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Cell Growth/Nutrition
Transport
Carbon/Nitrogen
Fermentation
Respiration
100
Binary fission occurs in the ________ phase of growth.
exponential or log phase
100
_______ are composed of beta sheets, which are linked together by beta turns on the cytoplasmic side and long loops of amino acids on the other.
Porins or beta barrel
100
________ bacteria turn nitrogen gas into ammonium.
nitrogen fixing (N2-->NH4+)
100
The definition of fermentation is
the incomplete oxidation of an organic compound under anerobic conditions
100
In respiration, a final _______ acceptor must be available.
electron
200
The siderophore is composed of a three ___________ group complex with iron orbitals to form a six-coordinate octahedral complex.
hydroxamate
200
What energy source do ABC transporters use?
ATP
200
What percent of carbon is in the form of C02 or organic carbon derived from living cells?
0.5%
200
In fermentation ATP is made entirely by __________ phosphorylation
substrate-level
200
In glycolysis, glucose in completely oxidized into ________.
C02
300
Three major classes of growth factors include
Amino acids, Purines and pyrimidines, and Vitamins
300
Name the three sugar transport systems described in lecture
ABC, PTS (phosphotransferase), and Symporters
300
What are the two steps to nitrification?
1) ammonia oxidation to nitrite (NH4+ --> N02-) 2) nitrite oxidation to nitrate (N02- -->N03-)
300
In homofermentive fermentation of glucose, what is the net ATP gain?
2 ATP
300
Pyruvate is converted to Acetyl-CoA by the
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
400
At low pH, E. coli and S. typhimurium synthesize an array of new proteins collectively known as
acid tolerance response
400
What is the energy source for PTS (phosphotransferase system)?
Phosphoenolpyruvate (Phosphoenolpyruvic acid) or PEP
400
Cellulase attacks cellulose at the _________ hydrolyzing this bond.
B 1-4 linkage
400
Some species of Clostridium catabolize amino acids via the ____________.
Strickland reaction or Stickland fermentation
400
What is the total ATP yield of glycolysis, ETC, and the citric acid cycle if there are 5 glucose molecules used?
190 (38/glucose x 5)
500
E. coli divides every 20 mins at exponential growth. How many E. coli would we have after 3 days?
~1.05x10^65 cells
500
The modular ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are composed of two ________ and two ________ domains.
transmembrane domains (TMDs) and two ABC domains.
500
What are ALL the end products of the reaction catalyzed by nitrogenase?
(2 NH3) + (2 H+) + (16 ADP) + (16 Pi) (or 2NH4+)
500
What are the three acids formed in mixed acid fermentation in E. coli?
acetic, lactic, and succinic
500
What are the four types of electron carriers?
–Flavoproteins –Metal-containing proteins (ei: iron-sulfur proteins) –Quinones (UbiQ, MenaQ, CalderiaQ ) –Cytochromes