Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3 & 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
100
What are the 6 characteristics of life?
Made of cells
Obtain & use energy
Grow & develop
Reproduce
Respond to environment
Adapt to environment
100
What is the difference between a compound and a bond?
A bond is stored chemical energy that holds two atoms together
A compound is a pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined
100
1. Difference between a biosphere & ecosystem?
Give an example of both
2. What are two ways that bacteria helps keep the earth's processes check?
The biosphere is ALL life on earth
Example: the planet
An ecosystem is a limited living area
Example: desert, rainforest
2. Recycles greenhouse gases and break down oil and other compounds
100
What are the 4 factors that determine whether a particle can be transported across a cell membrane?
-- Particle size
-- Particle shape
-- Particle polarity
-- Membrane composition
100
How is DNA organized?
Chromosomes
200
What are the steps to the scientific method?
Question, Research, Hypothesis, Experiment, Conclusion
200
What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis?
Diffusion is the dispersion of substances through a permeable membrane, while osmosis is the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane.
200
What is a consumer & what is a producer?
Example of both
Producer: Organisms that can produce their own food through photosynthesis
Example: Plants & algae
Consumer: Gain energy by consuming other animals
Example: Herbivores, Carnivores, and Omnivores
(You will need to fill out a food web on your exam)
200
What is cell theory?
The structural, functional, and basic units of all living things / all living things are made of cells
200
Define Autosomes
Define Chromosomes
Nitrogen-containing base
How do they pair up
provide instructions for normal functions and features, such as eye and hair color, disease susceptibility, digestive enzymes, etc.
Instruction manuals for genes
adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine
AT / GC
300
What is environmentalism?
The environment is fragile and should be protected by using as little as possible
300
What are the 4 classes of organic molecules?
-- Carbohydrates
-- Proteins
-- Lipids
-- Nucleic acids
300
Fill out the water cycle
-- Condensation
-- Transpiration
-- Evaporation
-- Precipitation
300
Which cells have surrounding membranes?
Which cells do not have surrounding membranes?
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
300
What is hydrogen bonding?
The force that pulls two strands of DNA together
400
What is biotechnology? What are 3 examples?
The use of technology to enhance living organisms and their processes
Human gene therapy, genetically modifying plants and changing the genes of bacteria
400
What is needed to start a chemical equation?
Reactants & products, activation energy, catalyst/enzyme
400
What are the 4 human factors causing change?
-- Habitat loss
-- Overuse of recourses
-- Introduction of species
-- Overuse of chemical
400
Name the parts of a prokaryotic cell
-- Cytoplasm
-- Cytoskeleton
-- Capsule
-- Nucleoid
-- Flagellum
-- Ribosome
400
Explain DNA replication (tell me the purpose)
DNA replication is the process of making an exact copy of a strand of DNA
1. The DNA strand is “unzipped” (the hydrogen bonds are broken so each strand is alone and exposed)
2. DNA Polymerase attaches new nucleotides to each side of the unzipped DNA (and checks to make sure no mistakes have been made) until there are two brand-new double-stranded copies
500
What is bioethics? 3 examples?
The study of ethical situations in biology and medicine
Abortion, physicians assistant suicide, human cloning, etc.
500
Nucleotides hook together to form nucleic acids -- what are the three parts to a nucleic acid?
1. Nitrogen base
2. Carbon sugar
3. Phosphate group
500
Differentiate between commensalism, neutralism and amensalism:
Commensalism: One organism benefits, while the other remains neutral
Neutralism: Organisms don't affect each other
Amensalism: One organism is hurt, while the other is not affected
500
Name the parts of eukaryotic cell (animal)
-- Nucleus
-- Nucleolus
-- Chromatin
-- Phospholipid bylayer
-- Golgi apparatus
-- Lysosome
-- Centrosome
-- Mitochondria
-- Cell membrane
-- Cillia
500
DNA is a polymer, which means?
It's made up of repeating units