Midterm Exam Review

Spine

100

During the early stages of RA, how will facet joints appear?

Hypermobile and/or clinically unstable 

200

Describe the associated motions of the rib cage during inspiration

Elevation and T/S ext

300

List 3 common S/S for cervicogenic HA

-worsened by C/S motions

-fluctuating intensity

-unilateral OR bilateral Pn

-more common in AFAB Pts

400

Describe the progression (from best to worst) regarding disc herniation 

Protrusion --> Prolapse --> Extrusion --> Sequestration

500

List 3 examples of true neurological signs 

1. Decreased sensation 

2. Fatiguable weakness

3. Hyporeflexia

Posture

100

You are treating a Pt with FHR; list 3 muscles/muscle groups to strengthen

1. Scap retractors

2. DNF (supra & infrahyoid)

3. ESG

200

Pts with excessive kyphosis in the T/S often have weakness in what muscles of the shoulder girdle?

ER

300

In the PT's POC, edu the Pt on postural alignment w/TC is suggested. What is the muscle/muscle group you are *least* likely to work on?

Scapular elevators (UT & LS)

400

Demonstrate axial extension (also known as cervical ______) and describe how the facet joint movement differs between the upper and lower C/S

retraction

upper C/S opening (flex) and lower C/S closing (ext) 

500

Give an example of how you would edu your Pt with lumbar lordosis. Include what muscles are likely most contributing to this posture and how the deep v. superficial muscles will be targeted during PT.

Hip flexors and low back extensors likely tight

Abs and hip extensors likely elongated and weak 

Shoulder

100

What is the primary indication for having rTSA?

Rotator cuff pathology

200

Describe the difference between the painful arc sign for the AC v. the GH joint

AC = 170-180 deg

GH = 45-120 deg

300

What are 2 of the most common MOI for AC and SC joint subluxations/dislocations?

1. Falling directly on the shoulder

2. Falling on outstretched hand

400

What 3 combined motions are precautions after TSA?

Ext, add, IR

500

Your Pt had an anterior shoulder dislocation during a football injury this past weekend. They went to the ER and had it reduced. 

What phase is this Pt in and what is the most important contraindication at this time?

Max phase 

No shoulder ext beyond zero degrees

Cardiac

100

How do you calculate a Pt's target HR?

(220-age) * target percent

Ex: (220-28) * .8 for 80% 

200

Sx associated with activity/stress that begin slowly and usually go away after several minutes is called ___ ___.

Is this a contraindication to cardiac rehab?

Stable angina

No!

300

What is the number range for the (modified) Borg RPE scale?

Why is this so useful for monitoring activity during cardiac rehab?

1-10 (original = 6-20)

corresponds with %HR 

400

List at least 3 sternal precautions

• Do not lift, push or pull more than 10 pounds.
• Take care when moving in bed and getting out of bed.
• Do not flex your shoulders over 90°.
• Avoid reaching behind back.
• Avoid reaching too far across your body.
• Avoid twisting or deep bending.
• Brace your chest when coughing or sneezing as well as supine to sit.

500

Your Pt is 2 weeks post-op for a CABGx4 with a Hx of COPD.

Are they under sternal precautions? 

At rest their 02 sats are 90%, but drop to 88% upon chair to bed transfer. You reassess vitals halfway through Tx to find BP of 170/120 mmHg, HR of 120 bpm. Pt also begins to report sudden Pn in BIL calves upon walking. What is this called? Should you continue Tx? Why or why not?

Yes.

LE claudication. 

Yes! 02 is okay d/t COPD as well as HR, but Diastolic is too high (>115). 

🙈Random🤞

100

A type III acromion is also called ___ and increases risk of what Dx?

hooked

impingement

200

Disc pathology is LEAST likely to occur in what area of the spine?

T/S (upper and mid specifically)

300

After an anterior approach C/S fusion, which plane of motion is limited and should be avoided?

Extension

400

List 3 possible etiologies of TOS

1. Cervical rib

2. Tight anterior scalene

3. 1st rib subluxed

500

Your Pt has been diagnosed with extrinsic primary shoulder impingement. What type of joint mob is most likely indicated?

Posterior GH capsule