Unity + Coherence
What is unity?
When a paragraph is focused exclusively on one main idea
Complete the sentence using ‘for’ or ‘since’
Have you practiced your instrument _____ the concert last week?
since
Conjugate the verb in parentheses in the past perfect tense
The students (write) ______ the paper, but the teacher made them do it again.
had written
Complete this future perfect sentence:
Do you think you will have _____ (receive) my letter by Thursday?
received
True or False — we will use reported speech in our interview essays
True!
List the 4 ways you can achieve coherence in your writing
1) repeat key nouns, 2) use consistent pronouns, 3) use transition signals, and 4) arrange your ideas in a logical order
What is the formula we use to form a sentence using present perfect progressive tense?
have + been + verb-ing
True or false – past perfect tense can be used to help convey a sequence of events that happened in the past
True!
True or false – in the following sentence, Tom will wake up before lunch is prepared
By the time Tom wakes up, we will have prepared lunch for everyone
False!
What is a direct quote?
Words that are used exactly as they were originally said or written
Complete the sentence with the transition phrase that best shows the relationship between the sentences
“I told my mom I’ve always wanted to make Italian food; ________ (as a result / furthermore / consequently / because) she bought me a pasta maker for my birthday.”
As a result
Which sentence is incorrect?
Anita is waiting for the bus
Anita is waiting for the bus for 15 minutes
Anita has been waiting for the bus for 15 minutes
Anita has waited for the bus since 9:00am
b) Anita is waiting for the bus for 15 minutes
Read the following sentence and arrange the events in chronological order
Jenny said that she had lost her keys after the movie
1st the movie played, 2nd Jenny lost her keys
Read the following sentence and arrange the events in chronological order
By the time we get to the airport, Peggy’s plane will have already arrived and she’ll be wondering where we are
1st Peggy’s plane arrives at the airport, and 2nd her friends arrive at the airport to pick her up
Change the direct speech into reported speech. Use ‘she said’ at the beginning of your answer
“I’d never been to The Feve before.”
She said she had never been to The Feve before
Identify the kind of logical order used in this short paragraph.
"Apples and oranges are both tree fruits often grown commercially in large orchards. However, apples grow in every climate and oranges need tropical temperatures to produce fruit.”
Compare/contrast
List the 3 types of actions we use the present perfect tense to express
1) actions that started in the past and continue in the present, 2) actions that happened in the past and could happen again in the future, and 3) actions that happened with an unknown time
Read the following exchange and answer the question:
Mrs. Lincoln taught at this school for 9 years
Mr. Sanchez has taught at this school for 9 years
Who is teaching at this school now?
Mr. Sanchez
Why do we use future perfect progressive tense to express an activity?
To emphasize the duration of an activity that will be in progress before another time or event in the future
Change the quoted speech into reported speech. Follow the example below.
Example: “Your order is ready,” said the waiter.
Answer: The waiter said our order was ready
I talked to my professor yesterday. She said, “I’m going to give you extra credit.”
My professor said (that) she is going to give me extra credit.
What technique is used in this paragraph to achieve coherence?
“When worry escalates, the result is fear. Everyone has experienced fear. A swimmer of only moderate skill might be afraid of swift waters; a child might fear the dark. A hiker will probably feel fear when hearing the distinctive warning of a rattlesnake; a jogger might experience it when confronted with an angry dog.”
Repetition of key nouns
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in parentheses:
An Experience Studying Abroad
Gabriel is the first person in his family to study abroad. He (be) _____ a student at Oxford for the past year. He is studying international relations there on a scholarship. His parents are very proud. No one in the family (receive, ever) _____ a scholarship before. Gabriel (dream) _____ of studying abroad since he was a small child. He (work) _____ very hard for this opportunity.
a) has been, b) has ever received, c) has worked
Choose between the simple past tense and the past perfect tense of the verbs in parentheses. Fill in the blanks with the correct tense!
Apartment Hunting
I can't believe I (get) _____ that apartment on North Pleasant Street in Oberlin. I (submit) ________ my application last week, but I didn't think I had a chance of actually getting it. When I (show) _____ up to take a look around, there were at least twenty other people who (arrive) ______ before me. Most of them (fill, already) _____ out their applications and were already leaving. Nevertheless, the landlord said I could still apply, so I did.
a) got, b) submitted, c) showed, d) had arrived, e) had already filled
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in parentheses. The verbs will either be in the future perfect or the simple future tense.
A Hospital Stay
Roger will get to the hospital early tomorrow morning. He (stay) _____ there for a week. He is going to have back surgery. When Roger leaves the hospital, he (stay) _____
there a week. After Roger has back surgery, he (go) _____ to the recovery room in the hospital. When Roger wakes up, he (be) _____ asleep for six hours. When Roger first walks, he (need) _____ assistance. By the time Roger can walk unassisted, he (have) _____ many hours of physical therapy. Several specialists (help) _____ Roger by the time he goes home.
a) will stay, b) will have stayed, c) will go, d) will have been, e) will have had, and f) will have helped
Make a reported question. Start the sentence with ‘He asked’ me
“Who is the student in the red dress?”
He asked me who the student in the red dress is