What happened to Native American population upon the arrival of Europeans?
BONUS: Why did this happen?
The population declined very rapidly.
BONUS: Because of diseases and guns.
What did the Antifederalists support and who was their leader?
Antifederalists supported strong state governments/weak central government, and amendment of the Articles of Confederation.
Leader: Thomas Jefferson
What three things did George Washington warn America against in his Farewell Address?
(1) We must remain united
(2) We must avoid permanent alliances with other countries
(3) We must avoid poltical parties
What do we call our God-given duty to spread west across the continent?
What people were freed by the Emancipation Proclaimation?
Slaves in the rebelling states (the South)
True or False: Only illiterate laborers came to America from Europe.
False - there were skilled people who hopped to have more opportunity for their crafts here.
What were the two compromises made to get the Constitution passed (RATIFIED)?
(A) Great Compromise - there would be two houses in the Legislative Branch - one in which representation is based on population (House of Reps) and one in which representation is even between the states (Senate)
(B) The Three-Fifths Compromise
Three out of every five slaves would count towards the population for purposes of determining the number of Reps a state gets in the House of Reps.
John Adams made two acts that sunk his presidency - what are they, and what did they do?
(1) Alien Act - made it harder for incoming immigrants to become voting citizens
(2) Sedition Act - made it illegal to criticize the government
What are three ways we gained land?
(1) Purchasing (Louisiana Purchase)
(2) Annexing [taking] (Texas Annex)
(3) Giving [cesssion] (Mexican Cession)
What kind of transportation did the North have more of than the South at the beginning of the Civil War?
Railroads
What did Thomas Paine encourage Colonists to do? What was the name of his writing?
Thomas Paine encouraged Americans to break from England and become an independent country. He felt that America was too big a place to be ruled by a tiny country across the sea.
He wrote "Common Sense".
What is the "elastic clause"?
Who would this scare?
The Elastic Clause is the part of the Constitution that states that Congress can make "all laws which shall be necessary and proper " to do its job.
It would scare Anti-Federalists.
What did the British and the French do to American ships that led up to the War of 1812?
(1) They stole American goods
(2) IMPRESSMENT - they took sailors off of ships and forced them to work for the British Navy.
What happened to native Americans during Westward Expansion?
BONUS: What do we call the path that the Cherokee took on their forced march from Georgia to Oklahoma?
They were pushed Westward onto smaller and smaller pieces of land.
BONUS: Trail of Tears
This man killed six pro-slavery people in Kansas during the violence that was called "Bleeding Kansas".
John Brown
What does "consent of the governed" mean?
When a government becomes destructive to the goals of the populace, the people are justified in trying to overthrow it. Government needs their approval to exist.
What is Judicial Review, and what court case gave it to us?
Judicial Review lets the Supreme Court make the final decision on whether a law violates the Constitution.
Came from Marbury v. Madison
What was the XYZ affair?
X, Y, and Z were codenames for three frenchmen who asked American diplomats for a bribe in order to set up meetings with the French government.
Who explored the Louisiana Purchase and mapped it for the government?
Lewis and Clarke
Name the three Compromises that failed leading up to the Civil War?
(1) The Missouri Compromise
(2) The Compromise of 1850
(3) The Kansas/Nebraska Act
What was the Proclamation Line of 1763?
The line down the Appalachian Mountains that the British said colonists should not cross in order to keep peace with the Native Americans.
Who ultimately approves a Presidential Election?
The Electoral College
What distinct geographical advantage did the US have that helped us avoid conflicts with Europe?
We are far away, with the Atlantic Ocean between us.
VISUAL DAILY DOUBLE:
This map can best be used to study what?
MANIFEST DESTINY
(1) Soujourner Truth
(2) Harriet Beecher Stowe ("Uncle Tom's Cabin")
(3) William Lloyd Garrison
(4) John Brown
(5) Harriet Tubman
Who is known as the "First American Killed in the Revolutionary War"?
Crispus Attucks - the black man who was killed during the Boston Massacre.
Both suggest we need separation from Europe and shouldn't get involved in their troubles.
What is the Monroe Doctrine?
President James Monroe issued a warning to Europe to stay out of the Americas and not to try to get any additional colonies there.
What war is most closely associated with Manifest Destiny, because it caused us to gain land in the west?
The Mexican American War, which ended in the Mexican Cession.
What did Abraham Lincoln attempt to do with his First Inaugural Address?
He tried to calm the fears of the Southern states and say he didn't intend to disrupt slavery.
What were three reactions of England to the Boston Tea Party?
(1) Closed Boston Harbor (Boston Port Act)
(2) Put troops in peoples homes (Quartering Act)
(3) Made it so soldiers who committed crimes here would be tried in England.
What is a "swing state"?
Bonus: What can be done to take away the power of the swing states?
Most states are either solidly Democrat or solidly Republican, so their outcomes is already set. A few states (and the states can change) can go either way, which makes them very powerful in determining presidential elections.
BONUS: Direct popular vote for President
What did Thomas Jefferson do to try to avoid the 1812 War?
EMBARGO - he stopped shipping to Europe altogether. Made most states very angry.
Embargo didn't work - we had the War of 1812 anyway.
What is the Homestead Act?
The act that gave people land in the West if they stakes a claim and developed the land and lived on it for five years.
What was Abraham Lincoln's original view about purpose of the Civil War?
BONUS: What marked the change in this view?
That the war was to preserve the Union.
BONUS: The Emancipation Proclamation made the Civil War a war against slavery