Renaissance
This wealthy family ran the Florentine government from behind the scenes, dominating the city when it was the cultural center of Italy
Who are the Medici family?
The German monk and professor of theology in the German State of Wittenberg who nailed the 95 theses to a church door.
Who is Martin Luther?
Versailles became the symbol of this Sun King’s wealth and power.
Who is Louis XIV?
The Columbian Exchange involves products traveling from Europe to the Americas, meaning the products are moving from the Eastern Hemisphere to this hemisphere.
What is the Western Hemisphere?
In his work The Social Contract (1762), he presented the concept that an entire society agrees to be governed by its general will, arguing that liberty is achieved by being forced to follow what is best for the entire community
Who is Jean-Jacques Rousseau?
This diplomat wrote The Book of the Courtier in 1528, which detailed the ideals of a perfect Renaissance noble, who needed character, grace, talent, a classical education, and had to serve his prince effectively and honestly
Who is Baldassare Castiglione?
Luther’s idea that people could receive salvation only through the grace of God, not through their own actions.
What is Justification By Faith Alone?
This person strengthened the French king, Louis XIII, by going to war with the Habsburg during the Thirty Years War.
Who is Cardinal Richelieu?
Explorers needed to calculate their location using this particular compass used to find the lines of latitude.
What is an astrolabe?
Informal parties where enlightened thinkers could gather and discuss literature, the arts, science, philosophy and politics. Mostly hosted by prominent women.
What are Salons?
This thriving economic activity, based in Italy’s many cities, encouraged the exchange of ideas that stimulated Renaissance culture
What is trade?
This Holy Roman Emperor called Luther to a gathering of Princes of the Holy Roman Empire known as the Diet of Worms.
Who is Charles V?
He traveled around Europe learning about European technology (shipbuilding, architecture, carpentry) and culture and brought them back to Russia.
Who is Peter The Great?
This is the specific movement of products introduced between the Western and Eastern Hemispheres.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
He fought for civil liberties- rights/freedoms of citizens like: Freedom of the Press, Freedom of Speech, Freedom of Religion, and Separation of Church and State.
Who is Voltaire?
The failure of Italy to develop a centralized government resulted in the formation of city-states, including Milan, Venice, Florence, Naples, and this area controlled by the Pope.
What are the Papal States (or Rome)?
This absolute monarch believed in a Political movement not a religious movement.
Who is King Henry VIII?
After the Thirty Years’ War, they created
a new empire in eastern and southeastern Europe.
Who are the Austrian Hapsburgs?
This European from Portugal was the first to sail around the tip of Africa into the Indian Ocean and on to India.
Who is Vasco de Gama?
He believed in Checks and Balances where each branch checked the power of the other.
Who is Montesquieu?
This specific Medici family member used his wealth to become a great financial supporter of the arts.
Who is Lorenzo de' Medici?
King Henry VIII who had six wives wanted a son to strengthen this English royal house of Welsh origin that ruled England from 1485 to 1603.
What is the Tudor Dynasty?
Louis XIV"s motto, which translated into “I am the State” and shows his belief in absolute power.
What is “L’etat, c’est moi”?
Hernan Cortés defeated Native Americans with the help of allies, metal weapons (swords), heavy armor, guns, cannons and these animals that had never been seen before in the Americas.
What are horses?
These people were enlightened thinkers who
believed that the use of reason could lead to reforms of government, law, and society.
Who are philosophes?