Chapter 1
Martin Seligman
What is an emotion?
Emotions result from complex interactions between behavioral, biological, cognitive, and sociocultural processes
What is Flow? (Csikszentmihalyi 1975)
"The state in which action follows upon action according to an internal logic which seems to need no conscious intervention on our part."
What is "the molecule of love"?
Oxytocin
Explain the traditional medical model
Focuses on what causes disease. Involves diagnosis and treatment. Health is the absence of disease
Are emotions independent or dependent?
Independent
What is Neuroplasticity?
The brain does not stop growing. Our brains can change throughout our lives due to our experiences.
Define neuroticism
Chronic problems with anxiety, worry, mild depression, and low self-esteem.
What are the 4 attachment styles?
Secure, Anxious, Avoidant, Disorganized
WHO definition of Health
"Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."
How do Kennon Sheldon and Lauren King describe Positive Psychology?
The scientific study of ordinary human strengths and virtues
What area of the brain shows the most activity when we are happy?
The left prefrontal cortex and the precuneus of the medial parietal lobe
What are the 3 types of leisure? Give an example of each.
Passive: Scrolling on your phone
Active: Painting, hiking
Social: Hanging out with Friends
_______ proposes that love is made up of physiological arousal and cognitive label (how we interpret the arousal)
Two-Factor Theory of Love Model
Define Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)
Studies the relationship between psychological processes (especially emotion), the functioning of the nervous system, and the body’s immune system
Explain the 3 dimensions of Positive Psych
Subjective level- positive subjective states; Ex: How people feel about their lives; happiness or hope
Individual level- positive individual traits; Ex: The kind of person someone is; kind or creative
Societal (or group) level- positive institutions; Ex: Social systems that can support someone; schools or workplaces
What are the 2 processes of hope theory? Define them.
Pathways: believing that you can find ways to reach your goals
Agency: believing that you can be motivated enough to pursue your goals
What is DRAMMA?
Detachment from responsibilities, Relaxation, Autonomy, Mastery, Meaning, Affiliation with others
Friendly and companionate love explains which style of love?
What is the quote S.W. Cole said about loneliness?
"Loneliness is really one of the most threatening experiences we can have."
High mental health and High mental illness = _____
Struggling; incomplete mental illness
What is a S.M.A.R.T. Goal?
Specific: clearly defined goal
Measurable: How will you know when the goal is complete?
Achievable: how will this goal be accomplished?
Realistic: be honest and realistic about boundaries and expectations
Time-bound: how long do you have to complete this goal?
Explain the difference between bottom-up and top-down happiness
Bottom-Up: Life satisfaction comes from good things happening in life.
Top-Down: Influenced by outlook and personality traits
What are the 4 Horsemen of the Apocalypse? Explain each
Criticism: Attacking partner’s character rather than specific behavior
Contempt: Showing disrespect, ridicule, or disgust toward a partner
Defensiveness: Responding to criticism or perceived attack with denial, blame-shifting, or excuses
Stonewalling: Withdrawing emotionally or physically from conflict.
What are Aristotle's 3 types of friendships? Give an example for each.
Utility: Business relationships
Pleasure: Fun interests
Virtue: Emotional concern and compassionate care