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Research
Research II
Measurement
Single Factor Designs
Factorial Designs
100
A researcher wants to test the effect of video games on aggressive behavior. This variable is the dependent variable.
What is aggressive behavior?
100
This kind of research is conducted purely for reasons of intellectual interest and to learn more about a phenomenon.
What is basic research?
100
A unique characteristic of this kind of scale is that it has a true zero point (i.e. $0 literally means the absence of money)
What is a ratio scale?
100
This kind of research design is susceptible to carry-over effects.
What are within-subjects designs?
100
A 2x2 factorial design has this many IVs.
What is two?
200
The more people meditate the less stress they experience. This is an example of what kind of correlational relationship?
What is a negative correlation?
200
The color of someone's eyes (e.g. blue, brown) is measured on which level of measurement.
What is the nominal level of measurement?
200
This kind of reliability is often used in order to reduce biases in observational research.
What is inter-judge/inter-rater reliability? 
200
This kind of experimental design requires more participants.
What are between-subjects designs?
200
This kind of validity ensures that the independent variable and ONLY the independent variable cause the dependent variable (i.e. avoids confounds).
What is internal validity?
300
Professor Goldberg is concerned that his experiment might not replicate in other schools and in other cultures. He is concerned with this kind of validity.
What is external validity?
300
The method of publishing is one way to reduce publication bias in which peer-review occurs before data are collected.
What are registered reports?
300
This kind of validity is ensured when researchers cover all aspects of the construct.
What is content validity?
300
Professor X is worried about carry-over effects in her within-subjects experiment. So she randomizes the order of the conditions. Professor X is doing this procedure.
What is counterbalancing? 
300
This kind of effect occurs when the effect of one IV on the DV depends on the level of another IV.
What is an interaction?
400
Professor Goldberg wants to determine if his new teaching method causes students to learn more effectively. He must use this kind of research method.
What is the experimental method?
400
Professor X analyzes her data and finds that people are quick to recognize biases in others but not in themselves. However, she is concerned that her results won't replicate on people in other countries with different cultures. Professor X is concerned with this kind of validity.
What is external validity? 
400
This kind of research is conducted in order to solve a specific problem.
What is applied research?
400
Professor G is worried that unsystematic variables will affect the results of his study, such as some participants lacking sleep or working an extra long day before participating. Professor G is worried about this kind of factor.
What is noise?
400
Professor Z finds that her meditation method treats test anxiety in her students, but it only works for students already high in anxiety but doesn't improve performance for those low in anxiety. Professor Z found this kind of effect.
What is an interaction?
500
Professor Goldberg seeks to find causal evidence showing that watching violent movies makes people more likely to be violent. This procedure is crucial to ensure that individual differences among participants are roughly evenly distributed across conditions.
What is random assignment?
500
This bias occurs primarily because it is difficult for scientists to publish non-significant research findings.
What is publication bias?
500
A likert-style scale (e.g. ranging from Strongly Disagree to Strongly Agree) is recorded on this level of measurement.
What is an ordinal scale?
500
John goes to a psychiatrist to treat depression. His doctor gives him a pill to take daily. During the same time period, John starts to exercise regularly. Exercise has this kind of effect on explaining the relationship between the drug and John's depression.
What is confounding?
500
This kind of method avoids experimenter bias by having both participant and experimenter completely blind to the experimental conditions.
What is double-blind?