Trauma Assessment + Kinematics
This trauma triad is associated with increased mortality in severely injured patients.
What is hypothermia, acidosis, and coagulopathy?
This type of bite occurs when a person punches another person in the mouth
What is a fight bite?
The most common burn associated with inhalation injury
What is a steam burn?
The facial fracture that causes flattening of one side of the face.
What is a zygomatic fracture?
The treatment that saves patients with commotio cordis.
What is early defibrillation?
This sign indicates possible splenic injury and presents as left shoulder pain.
What is Kehr's sign?
What is the correct order of scene safety priorities?
Yourself → Partner → Other Responders → Patient → Bystanders
The three factors that determine the amount of energy transferred during trauma.
What are mass, speed, and force?
The most common organism responsible for necrotizing fasciitis.
What is Group A Streptococcus?
Three signs suggesting airway involvement in a burn patient.
What are hoarseness, stridor, singed nasal hair, facial burns, carbon in sputum, or enclosed-space fire history? (Any 3)
The first priority in a patient with severe oral trauma and bleeding.
What is airway protection and suctioning?
This chest injury presents with paradoxical chest wall movement.
What is flail chest?
What is the proper way to manage eviscerated organs?
Apply normal saline- soaked sterile dressing over the top of the evisceration and cover the injured area to keep warm.
** do not place organs back inside the body**
***ABCDE***
Which retroperitoneal organ is most commonly injured with lower rib fractures on the left?
Spleen
In an MVC, this pathway causes the patient's head to strike the windshield, roof, or dashboard.
What is the up-and-over pathway?
The only two situations in which EMS should remove an impaled object.
What are airway obstruction through the cheek and interference with chest compressions?
he two major systemic complications of large body surface area burns.
What are hypovolemia and hypothermia?
Three classic findings of a basilar skull fracture.
What are Battle's sign, raccoon eyes, and CSF leakage from ears or nose?
Three findings associated with tension pneumothorax.
What are absent breath sounds, JVD, tracheal deviation, unequal chest rise, tachycardia, or narrowing pulse pressure? (Any 3)
The major complication resulting from hollow organ rupture.
What is peritonitis?
Which type of blast injury is caused directly by the blast wave?
Primary Blast Injury
Windshield damage should make you suspicious for these four injuries.
What are brain injury, facial/scalp lacerations, cervical spine injury, and tracheal injury?
This burn should be covered with oil rather than water.
What is a sodium burn?
Fluid resuscitation should be considered for burns involving greater than this percentage of TBSA.
What is 20% TBSA?
This intracranial bleed is characterized by a lucid interval can also be described as arterial
What is an epidural hematoma?
Unlike tension pneumothorax, this injury typically produces dullness to percussion and may have bloody sputum.
What is a massive hemothorax?
The major life-threatening complication of crush syndrome.
What is acute renal failure caused by rhabdomyolysis?
Complications of humerus Fx?
Nerve injury (inability to extend wrist= wrist drop
Victims of rollover crashes may be repeatedly struck against the interior due to this mechanism.
What is multiple directional changes causing repeated impacts inside the vehicle?
The formula used to estimate fluid requirements in major burn patients.
What is the Parkland (Consensus) Formula?
The amount of fluids administered in the first 24 hours after injury is typically 2-4mL of lactated ringer solution multiplied by the pts body weight in kg multiplied by the percentage of TBSA burned (2 to 4 mL × Body weight (in kg) × Percentage of body surface area burned)
Giving too much fluid too quickly to a burn patient can cause these complications.
What are pulmonary edema, ARDS, compartment syndrome, and airway edema?
Hyperventilation in TBI should only be performed when this condition exists.
What is cerebral herniation?
This traumatic chest injury often causes tearing pain behind the sternum or between the scapulae.
What is an aortic injury?
SHALLOW BREATHING, ANXIETY, “SPLINTING” are signs of?
Flail Chest
Operations Sector Responsibilities:
Triage Unit Leader Responsibilities:
Primary VS Secondary Triage:
Operations sector responsibilities: managing the tactical operations including standard triage, treatment and transport of the pts
-Triage unit leader responsibilities: to ensure every pt receives an initial assessment of their conditions page 2697
-Primary vs Secondary Triage: Primary: secondary triage is a type of sorting within the treatment group that involves retriaging of the pts in the treatment area