Key Concepts
A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
Endemic
The period between exposure to an infection and the appearance of the first symptoms.
Incubation Period
What are the two broad categories of study designs we have discussed?
Descriptive & Analytical Study
The 5 W’s of epidemiology?
Who, What, Where, When, & Why
Steps taken to reduce the risk of spread (the severity of the impact and/or probability of the occurrence
Mitigation/Prevention Strategies
A disease or condition prevalent over a whole country or the world.
Pandemic
Contact, droplet, airborne, and common vehicle are all classified as ___.
Modes of Transmission
What study describes the patterns of disease occurrence in relation to variables such as person, place and time?
Descriptive Studies
What are the categories of analytical studies we have discussed?
Experimental and Observational Study
Bacterial STDsOf the common STDs in the US, Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis are known as?
Bacterial STDs
The number of existing cases in a population at a given place and time.
Prevalence
Transmission occurs when the agent leaves its reservoir or host through a portal of exit,... and enters through an appropriate portal of entry to infect a susceptible host. This sequence is known as ___.
Chain of Infection
The main difference between a descriptive and analytical study is?
Comparison group
The main difference between an experimental and observational study is?
Intervention
HIV, Herpes, HPV and Hepatitis B are classified as?
Viral STDs
The number of new cases in a population at a specified place and time.
Incidence
In the epidemiological triangle, one primary mission of epidemiology is to?
Influence the environment that brings the agent and host together
Representative sample of residents were telephoned and asked how much they exercise each week and whether they currently have (have ever been diagnosed with) heart disease?
Cross- sectional study
Study design that groups participants according to exposure and follows them for an outcome?
Cohort Study
The STD caused by the parasite known as T. Vaginalis causes what STI?
Trichomoniasis
Occurs when microorganisms change in ways that render the medications used to cure the infections ineffective.
Antibiotic Resistance
In the chain of infection, disease control measures are generally directed at which of the following?
Eliminating the reservoir, vector, interrupting mode of transmission, reducing host susceptibility
Study design that groups participants as diseased or not and follows them for the exposure?
Case-control Study
Study design that groups participants as treatment or comparison group and monitors for outcomes?
Randomized control trial
A HIV prevention medication that must be taken every day to decrease the chances of acquiring HIV, it is known to many as Truvada or Descovy (as seen in commercials)
PrEP/Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis