Renaissance/Reformation
criticisms of the Catholic church written by Martin Luther
95 Theses
primary motives for European nations to invest in exploration
God, gold, glory
Monarchs believe their right to rule is given to them directly by God
divine right
description of the tax system in France in the years preceding the French Revolution
3rd estate paid all taxes
mass production by machine instead of by hand
industrialization
criticized for selling indulgences
the Catholic Church
an economic system in which monarchies expand trade markets to outcompete rival nations
mercantilism
citizens must sacrifice some of their rights in exchange for benefits from the government
social contract
document stated that "men are born and remain free and equal in rights"
Declaration of Rights of Men
arge migration of people from rural areas into the city
urbanization
Henry VIII decided to found the Anglican Church in England because
The pope would not allow him to divorce his wife
Spain was able to establish an empire in the Americas
Columbus "discovered" the Americas before other countries
It limited the powers of the monarchy and strengthened the authority of Parliament.
English Bill of Rights
restore a balance of power to European nations after the fall of Napoleon
Congress of Vienna
factors of production
land, labor, capital, resources
humans questioning everything and thinking for themselves
humanism
two Portuguese explorers explored Africa's southern and eastern coasts which gave Portugal a trade route to India
Bartolomeu Dias and Vasco da Gama
This was created to prevent one part of government from abusing its power
separation of powers
A mob stormed a prison looking for gunpowder.
Bastille Day
policy that government should not regulate the economy and let the markets decide
laissez faire
great intellectual and artistic creativity
Renaissance
land controlled by another country, usually for the extraction of resources
colony
someone who Controls everything and make all decisions themselves
absolute leader
French group most strongly embraced the ideals and principles of the Enlightenment
bourgeoisie
wrote the Communist Manifesto and has the title of the father of communism
Karl Marx