Scientific Method/Experimental Design
What is a hypothesis?
Educated guess usually as an if/then statement
What is a biological catalyst?
An enzyme, a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction
What organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
Ribosome
List the levels of organization in the human body from smallest to largest.
cells-tissues-organs-organ systems-organism
What is the name of the energy molecule made during cellular respiration?
ATP
How can you make a experiment more valid?
more trials and more people
What two factors influence the activity of an enzyme?
pH and temperature
What organelles are found in plant cells and not animal cells?
chloroplasts
cell wall
large central vacuole
How does a stomata help a plant maintain homeostasis?
Regulates gas exchange and water loss
Where is the site of cellular respiration in the cell?
Mitochondria
Why do you need a control group (experimental group) in an experiment?
As a basis for comparison.
Explain how enzymes help in the process of digestion.
Enzymes help break down large food particles into smaller subunits.
Why can't starch diffuse through the cell membrane?
Starch is too big, it must be broken down into glucose before it can enter the cell.
How does a single celled organism maintain homeostasis?
Through organelles doing specific jobs
What is the purpose of photosynthesis?
For the plant to create glucose
Smoking increases the risk of getting certain cancers. This finding would be most reliable if _________.
Research that was replicated, research that was done with a very large sample size, research that had multiple trials
What will happen to an enzyme that normally works in the stomach and is placed in an environment where the pH is 11.
It will denature or change shape
Name two differences between passive and active transport.
Active: uses energy, low to high concentration
Passive: no energy, high to low concentration
What is a feedback mechanism?
What is metabolism?
Sum of all the chemical reactions occurring in an organism
Identify the independent variable, dependent variable, and two possible constants in the following experiment?
A study was done to see the effect of different cancer drugs on tumor size in male patients.
IV: Drug given
DV: Tumor size
Constants: male patients, same drug type, same time given drug, same aged patients
Explain why an enzyme can only catalyze one type of reaction.
An enzyme has a specific shape that fits a specific substrate. It will not be able to do any other reactions because the substrates will not fit.
What would happen to a cell when placed in a:
hypertonic solution
hypotonic solution
isotonic solution
Hyper: cell will shrink
Hypo: cell will grow
Iso: cell will stay the same
Give an example of how the body maintains homeostasis in response to a stimulus.
Multiple answers
Explain how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are in a cycle.
Products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration and vice versa