Unit 1 - Characteristics of Life
Which example is an activity that a fish most likely uses to maintain homeostasis within its body?
A. using camouflage to avoid predators
B. feeding at night to regulate body temperature
C. moving to deeper water to regulate metabolic wastes
D. exchanging gases through its gills to regulate oxygen levels
What is... D. exchanging gases through its gills to regulate oxygen levels
The attraction between hydrogen and oxygen atoms in different water molecules is known as a(n)
A. ionic bond.
B. hydrogen bond.
C. covalent bond.
D. dispersion force.
What is... B. hydrogen bonds.
Which statement correctly describes how carbon’s ability to form four bonds makes it uniquely suited to form macromolecules?
A. It forms short, simple carbon chains.
B. It forms large, complex, diverse molecules.
C. It forms covalent bonds with other carbon atoms.
D. It forms covalent bonds that can exist in a single plane.
What is... B. It forms large, complex, diverse molecules.
Which characteristic is shared by all prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
A. ability to store hereditary information
B. use of organelles to control cell processes
C. use of cellular respiration for energy release
D. ability to move in response to environmental stimuli
What is... A. ability to store hereditary information
A protein in a cell membrane changed its shape to move sodium and potassium ions against their concentration gradients. Which molecule was most likely used by the protein as an energy source?
A. ATP B. ADP C. catalase D. amylase
What is... A. ATP
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: What kind of macromolecule is ATP?
Which part of a molecule provides energy for life
processes?
A. carbon atoms
B. chemical bonds
C. oxygen atoms
D. inorganic nitrogen
What is... B. chemical bonds
Water has a high specific heat which allows it to keep body temperatures and ecosystem's temperatures __________________.
A. changing
B. stable
C. high
D. low
What is.... B. stable
The macromolecule made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen with amino acids as monomers is a ____________?
A. carbohydrate
B. lipid
C. protein
D. nucleic acid
What is C. protein
Living organisms can be classified as prokaryotes or eukaryotes. Which two structures are common to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
A. cell wall and nucleus '
C. cell wall and chloroplast
B. plasma membrane and nucleus
D. plasma membrane and cytoplasm
What is... D. plasma membrane and cytoplasm
Carbon dioxide and oxygen are molecules that can move freely across a plasma membrane. What determines the direction that carbon dioxide and oxygen molecules move?
A. orientation of cholesterol in the plasma membrane
B. concentration gradient across the plasma membrane
C. configuration of phospholipids in the plasma membrane
D. location of receptors on the surface of the plasma membrane
What is... B. concentration gradient across the plasma membrane
Why is a crow considered a heterotroph?
A. It manufactures its own food.
B. It divides by mitosis.
C. It transforms light energy into chemical energy.
D. It obtains nutrients from its environment.
What is... D. It obtains nutrients from its environment.
Water's polarity makes it very good at dissolving other polar or ionic substances. It is called the _________________.
A. universal solute
B. selective soluble
C. universal solvent
D. selective solute
What is... C. universal solvent
Carbohydrates and proteins are two types of macromolecules. Which functional characteristic of Proteins distinguishes them from carbohydrates?
A. large amount of stored information
B. ability to catalyze biochemical reactions
C. efficient storage of usable chemical energy
D. tendency to make cell membranes hydrophobic
What is... B. ability to catalyze biochemical reactions
Which statement best describes an effect of the low density of frozen water in a lake?
A. When water freezes, it contracts, decreasing the water level in a lake.
B. Water in a lake freezes from the bottom up, killing most aquatic organisms.
C. When water in a lake freezes, it floats, providing insulation for organisms below.
D. Water removes thermal energy from the land around a lake, causing the lake to freeze.
What is...C. When water in a lake freezes, it floats, providing insulation for organisms below.
A sodium-potassium pump within a cell membrane requires energy to move sodium and potassium ions into or out of a cell. The movement of glucose into or out of a cell does not require energy. Which statement best describes the movement of these materials across a cell membrane?
A. Sodium and potassium ions move by active transport, and glucose moves by osmosis.
B. Sodium and potassium ions move by active transport, and glucose moves by facilitated diffusion.
C. Sodium and potassium ions move by facilitated diffusion, and glucose moves by osmosis.
D. Sodium and potassium ions move by facilitated diffusion, and glucose moves by active transport.
What is... B. Sodium and potassium ions move by active transport, and glucose moves by facilitated diffusion.
When a person does strenuous exercise, small blood vessels (capillaries) near the surface of the skin increase in diameter. This change allows the body to be cooled. This statement best illustrates
A. Synthesis
B. Homeostasis
C. Excretion
D. Locomotion
What is... B. Homeostasis
Water's ____________ makes it very sticky leading to Hydrogen Bonds between water molecules and the properties of adhesion and cohesion.
A. solubility
B. density
C. heat capacity
D. polarity
What is...D. polarity
Substance A is converted to substance B in a metabolic reaction. Which statement best describes the role of an enzyme during this reaction?
A. It adjusts the pH of the reaction medium.
B. It provides energy to carry out the reaction.
C. It dissolves substance A in the reaction medium.
D. It speeds up the reaction without being consumed.
What is... D. It speeds up the reaction without being consumed.
Unlike animal cells, plant cells have cell walls that make them rigid. Which organelle, other than the cell wall, also plays a vital role in providing rigidity to plant cells?
A. Nucleus
B. Chloroplast
C. Central vacuole
D. Endoplasmic reticulum
What is... C. Central vacuole
Which set of functions is directly controlled by the cell membrane?
A. protein synthesis, respiration, digestion of food molecules
B. active transport, recognition of chemical messages, protection
C. enzyme production, elimination of large molecules, duplication of DNA codes
D. release of ATP molecules, regulation of cell reproduction, food production
What is... B. active transport, recognition of chemical messages, protection
PHOTOSYNTHESIS SURPRISE: Using a microscope, a student observes a small, green organelle in a plant cell. Which energy transformation most likely occurs first within the observed organelle?
A. ATP to light
B. light to chemical
C. heat to electrical
D. chemical to chemical
What is... B. light to chemical
The reaction where a polymer forms from two monomers losing water is called what type of reaction?
A. glycolysis C. hydrolysis
B. photosynthesis D. dehydration synthesis
What is... D. dehydration synthesis
A scientist observes that, when the pH of the environment surrounding an enzyme is changed, the rate the enzyme catalyzes a reaction greatly decreases. Which statement best describes how a change in pH can affect an enzyme?
A. A pH change can cause the enzyme to change its shape.
B. A pH change can remove energy necessary to activate an enzyme.
C. A pH change can add new molecules to the structure of the enzyme.
D. A pH change can cause an enzyme to react with a different substrate.
What is... A. A pH change can cause the enzyme to change its shape.
DOUBLE JEOPARDY: What is the fancy name for the process of an enzyme breaking down/changing shape?
The failure to regulate the pH of the blood can affect the activity of
A. enzymes that clot blood
B. red blood cells that make antibodies
C. chlorophyll that carries oxygen in the blood
What is...A. enzymes that clot blood
Why is oxygen important for all body cells?
A. It is involved in sugar production
B. It reduces the amount of urea in blood.
C. It increases the formation of lactic acid.
D. It is involved in energy producing cycles.
What is... D. It is involved in energy producing cycles.