Theories and Frameworks
This concept can be described as discriminatory practices and policies that exist within and between state or non-state organizations
What is Institutional Racism?
This concept can be defined as a systematic separation of racial and ethnic groups
What is Segregation?
Resources that move through families and across generations
Generational Wealth
In Link and Phelan (1995), this concept is defined as social conditions which affect multiple disease outcomes, through many mechanisms. Their relationship to disease isn't eliminated by addressing intermediary mechanisms.
What is Fundamental Causes?
Institutional racism refers to discriminatory practices and policies enacted within state or non-state organizations.
Structural racism refers to discrimination in the social, political, and economic systems of society. These systematic oppressions are often rooted in history and reinforced through infrastructure.
The difference between institutional and structural racism.
This concept helps us understand how various networks and systems can influence health and behaviors. It also assumes that the interaction between an individual and their environment is reciprocal.
What is the Socio-Ecological Framework?
This concept can be defined as a set of discriminatory practices which influenced housing, financial services, health care access, and resource allotment based on racial status.
What is Redlining?
Resources that were obtained during historic periods as a result of discriminatory practices on several levels and the operation of laws in the favor of a particular race.
What is Racialized Resources?
Barriers to health care access can greatly affect one’s health status. Research shows that U.S. adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) have poor health and face barriers
Li. H. et al. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Perceived Barriers to Health Care Among U.S. Adults With IDD
Examples are:
- Lasting residential segregation
- Economic disadvantage in redlined neighborhoods
- Adverse health outcomes due to resource allocation and strategic disinvestment
The longitudinal impact of Redlining
This concept describes how high stress environments and traumatic events can impact a child's or adolescent's development.
What is Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)?
What is Health Equity?
The visible and invisible factors that influence health and set foundation for health in communities.
What is Structural Drivers (Social Determinants of Health)?
This theory describes how societal inequality in resource distribution leads to health inequities.
What is the Theory of Fundamental Causes of Health Inequities?
Examples are:
- Disruption of brain development
- Alters how brain responds to stress
- Increased association with chronic health problems
- Increased association with mental health disorders
The impact of ACEs on child development
This concept examines how a person's life is shaped by a variety of factors, throughout their life.
What is the Life Course Theory?
This concept is defined as "the preventable differences in the burden of disease, injury, violence, or opportunities to achieve optimal health". This negatively impacts disadvantaged populations
What is Health Disparities?
This hypothesis states that chronic exposure to social and economic inequities can lead to an accelerated decline in physical health outcomes
Weathering Hypothesis
Environmental contamination and limited access to green spaces disproportionately burden communities of color with negative impacts on residents’ health. Yet, cleaning up contamination and creating green spaces has, in some cases, been associated with displacing long-term residents as the neighborhood becomes desirable to more affluent, often Whiter, populations through environmental gentrification.
Schusler, T. M. et. al., describe Environmental gentrification
Examples are:
- Limited access to healthcare and education
- Increased access to pollution and poor living conditions
- Chronic Stress
- Increased access to poverty
The impact of segregation on health
This concept describes the confluence of health issues and increased health risks as a result of living in metropolitan spaces.
What is Urban Health Penalty?
This concept relates to a person or household's low access to resources that contribute to wealth or well-being.
What is asset poor?
This concept measures how two racial groups are distributed geographically across a location and scores them based on level of integration.
What is the Index of Dissimilarity?
Place defines how we live, play, and die. It is key in defining our social life, experiences, and identity.
Importance of place
Complex and collective traumas that impact groups of people over time. Passed down generationally and has negative impacts on health outcomes.
Adverse Collective Historical Experiences