Chemistry of Life
A particle in an atom with a positive charge.
proton
The defining characteristic of a prokaryotic cell is that it lacks a...
nucleus.
Super coils of DNA form these organized structures necessary for cell division...
chromosomes
organisms that use sunlight to make their own energy are called...
autotrophs
all cells use this energy molecule as their primary source of energy.
ATP.
The four types of macromolecules.
Carbohydrate, lipid, protein, nucleic acid.
the two different types of cells include...
prokaryote and eukaryote
This phase is actually made up of three phases, during which the cell grows, produces organelles, duplicates its DNA and prepares for cell division
interphase
organisms that consume other organisms for energy are called...
heterotrophs
the process that releases energy from glucose in the presence of oxygen.
cellular respiration.
A substance with a pH lower than 7 is known as...
Acid
The cell membrane is _________________, allowing some substances to pass through and others to not.
semi-permeable.
These five phases are the phases of cell division. Together they make up the M phase (aka. mitosis)
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis.
Reactants of photosynthesis, products of photosynthesis.
carbon dioxide and water, oxygen and glucose.
stages of cellular respiration.
glycolysis, the krebs cycle, electron transport.
Water molecules are said to be polar, which means...
One end of the molecule is positively charged, the other end is negatively charged.
This organelle contains DNA.
nucleus.
cell growth is regulated by these proteins...
regulatory proteins
the first set of reactions in photosynthesis are known as light _____________.
dependent.
each glucose molecule generates how many ATP?
38.
The type of chemical bond that forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, causing the two atoms to be attracted to one another.
ionic bond.
these organelles contain digestive enzymes to break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins.
lysosomes.
in organisms that reproduce sexually, a sperm cell and egg cell fuse to form a single cell called a...
zygote.
light dependent reactions occur in this structure of the choloroplasts.
thylakoid.
the process by which cells produce ATP without oxygen.
fermentation.