Nature, Nurture, and Early Theorists
This philosopher believed the mind begins as a "blank slate."
Who is Locke?
This theorist is known for imprinting research with geese.
Who is Lorenz?
Montessori described genetically programmed windows or heightened learning as these.
What are sensitive periods?
Reflexes dominate during this stage of development.
What is the sensorimotor stage?
This psychologist is best known for his stages of moral reasoning.
Who is Kohlberg?
This theorist emphasized development directed from within and warned against pushing children ahead of schedule.
Who is Gesell?
This researcher introduced the idea of the "secure base."
Who is Bowlby?
In a Montessori classroom, the teacher is more of this than a "sage on the stage."
What is a guide on the side?
What is object permanence?
Reasoning based on personal gain or exchange reflects this general level of moral development.
Development that proceeds from head to foot is described by this term.
What is cephalocaudal development?
Ainsworth identified this type of attachment in children who confidently explore but return to caregivers when distressed.
What is secure attachment?
When a child becomes deeply focused and self-disciplined through meaningful activity, Montessori called this:
What is normalization?
Being able to consider multiple aspects of a problem at once is known as:
What is de-centering?
The framework Dr. Russo describes for critical thinking involves thesis, antithesis, and this final product.
What is synthesis?
This term refers to environmental and social influences on development.
What is nurture?
Children with this genetic condition have an extra chromosome.
What is Down syndrome?
Werner's term for our tendency to mentally complete unfinished forms is:
What is gestalt psychology?
The four major stages in Piaget's theory are (in order):
What is sensorimotor, pre operational, concrete operational, and formal operational?
A theory that suggests development happens in distinct, ordered steps is called a ______ theory.
What is a stage theory?
The idea that nearly all humans follow similar developmental patterns is known as this concept.
What is universality?
The term describing how gene expression can be influenced by environmental triggers.
What is epigenetics?
When a father imagines how large he appears to his toddler, Werner would say he is using this kind of awareness.
What is a phenomenological approach?
The "five-to-seven shift" refers to this broad cognitive transition.
What is the transition towards concrete operations? - major shift in thinking around the ages of 5 to 7
A parenting style characterized by warmth but very few boundaries is:
What is permissive parenting?