Chapter 2
Define parsimony
What is the scientific principle that the simplest explanation or theory that accounts for the evidence is the best choice?
Which type of psychologist helps companies hire the right people for the job?
What is Industrial/organizational psychologist?
Which of the following helps to synchronize activity among neurons, and assist in formation processing?
a.Myelin
b.Dendrites
c.Axon
d.Glia
What is the Gilia
A relative, sensitive response to long wavelength cones helps us to see which color?
a.Purple
b.Blue
c.Green
d.Red
What is red?
True or False
Men often mistake a smikle from a women as friendliness or sexual interest.
What is true?
Which of the following reduces the influence of experimenter bias?
a.) Demand characteristics
b.) Independent variables
c.) A double-blind study
d.) Representative samples
What is a double-blind study
What is Monism?
What is the theorectual ststement that mental actiivty and the brain activity are the same thing.
Why does heavy use of marijuana during adolescence put one at risk for psychiatric problems?
a.The dopamine synapses are blocked, and eventually destroyed.
b.It overstimulates the serotonin synapse.
c.It leads to the use of other, stronger drugs.
d.The brain is still developing during adolescence.
What is the brain is still developing during adolescence?
What is a cohort?
What is a group of people born at a particular time or a group of people who enter a organization at a particular time.
What is acculturation?
What is learning new customs and perhaps a new language when immigrating to a new country.
A search for is a search for what?
a) Falsifiability
b.) Simplicilty
c.) Replicability
d.) Deep meaning
What is Simplicity?
Which of these topics was a major research topic for the early psychologists?
a.) Vision and other sensations
b.) Mental Illness
c.) Racial prejudice
d.) Expert problem solving
What is vision and other sensations?
What are the three parts of the neuron?
What is cellbody, dendrites, and axon
Which theory of color vision explains how cells organize color information?
a.Trichromatic
b.Opponent-process
c.Retinex
What is Opponent-process?
Each of the trichromatic, opponent-process, and retinex theories is correct with regard to certain aspects of vision. The trichromatic states that human color vision starts with three kinds of cones. The opponent-process theory explains how later cells organize color information. The retinex theory notes that the cerebral cortex compares color information from various parts of the visual field.
A collectivest attitude is more common in places that do what?
a.) Compulsory education of all children
b.) Competitive sports
c.) Democratic elections
d.) Rice farming
What is rice farming
Suppose researchers find a negative correlation between time playing sports and grades in school.
Which conclusion, if any, can we draw from this result?
a.) Playing sports decreases school performance
b.) Students who concentrate on studies do not have time for sports.
c.) One of the variables was poorly measured.
d.) We can draw none of these conclusions
What is we can draw none of these conclusions
What does comparative psychologist compare?
a.) Theories
b.) Animal species
c.)Parts of the brain
d.) languages
What is animal species?
What is the All-or-none law?
What is an axon cannot vary the strength or velocity of its action potentials.
List the 5 senses
What is taste, smell, touch, sight, hearing
Which parentinng style is warm and loving but undemanding?
What is permissive?
What are the 4 steps in a scientific study?
What is
hypothesis
method
results
interpretation
Why did clinical psychology become more prominent around the middle of the 1900's?
What is soldiers returning after WWII needed more help than the limited number of psychiatrists could provide.
Clinical psychologists began providing treatment.
Which part of the brain helps us to read and understand the emotions of others?
What is Cerebellum
The cerebellum is part of the hindbrain. It helps to coordinate movements, behaviors that require aim, or timing, voluntary eye movement, learned response, and recognition of emotional expression.
What is Synesthesia?
Synesthesia is condition in which a stimulus of one type, such as sound, also elicits another experience, such as color.
•A synesthetic perception is quick and automatic.
•Develops gradually during childhood and tends to run in families.
What are the 4 types of parenting styles?
What are
authoritative - high standards, impose controls but are also warm and responsive the the child's communication
authoritarian- tend to be emotionally distant from the child: set rules without explaining the reasons behind them
permissive -n warm and loving but undemanding
indifferent or univolved - spend little time with child and do little more than provide food and shelter