routinized, structured relations that shape politics
What are institutions?
100
The Constitution has been amended this many times
What is 27?
100
The system of government in which a constitution divides power between a central government and regional government.
What is federalism?
100
The protections of citizens from improper governmental action
What are civil liberties?
100
The legal or moral claims that citizens are entitled to make on the government.
What are civil rights?
200
Governments that attempt to dominate or control every sphere of political, economic, and social life.
What are totalitarian governments?
200
The Massachusetts attorney who defended the British soldiers in the Boston Massacre?
Who is John Adams?
200
Powers specifically granted to the federal government in the text of the Constitution.
What are expressed powers?
200
The First Amendment clause that protects a citizen's right to believe and practice whatever religion he or she chooses.
What is the free exercise clause?
200
The provision of the Fourteenth Amendment guaranteeing citizens 'the equal protection of the laws. This clause has been the basis for the civil rights of African Americans, women, and other groups.
What is the equal protection clause?
300
The idea that certain possibilities are made more or less likely because of the historical choices preceding them.
What is path dependency?
300
Judicial review was the product of which Supreme Court decision
What is Marbury v. Madison?
300
The principle that states should oppose increases in the authority of the national government. This view was most popular before the Civil War.
What is states' rights?
300
A written statement made in 'reckless disregard of the truth and considered damaging to a victim because it is 'malicious, scandalous, and defamatory.
What is libel?
300
The doctrine that public accommodations could be segregated by race but still be equal.
What is the separate but equal rule?
400
a benefit that may be enjoyed by anyone and may not be denied to anyone once it has been provided
What is a public good?
400
The major event occurring just before the Constitutional Convention that stimulated many states to seek reforms
What is Shay's Rebellion?
400
The mechanisms through which each branch of government is able to participate in and influence the activities of the other branches.
What is separation of powers?
400
The ability of courts to exclude evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment.
What is the exclusionary rule?
400
The test used by the Supreme Court in gender discrimination cases which places the burden of proof partially on the government and partially on the challengers to show that the law in question is constitutional.
What is intermediate scrutiny?
500
when people enjoy the benefits of some good while letting others bear the costs
What is free-riding?
500
This statesman was chosen to write the Declaration of Independence due to his popularity, his eloquence, and his Southern heritage.
Who is Thomas Jefferson?
500
The condition in American government in which the presidency is controlled by one party while the opposing party controls one or both houses of Congress.
What is divided government
500
The right to be let alone, which has been interpreted by the Supreme Court to entail free access to birth control and abortions.
What is the right to privacy?
500
A policy or program designed to redress historic injustices committed against specific groups by making special efforts to provide members of these groups with access to educational and employment opportunities.