Intro to Dermatology
These three components are the dermatological minimum database
skin scrape, skin cytology, trichogram
most common flea of both dogs and cats?
ctenocephalides felis
three key types of dermatophytes and key bits about them
-m. gyseum-geophilic-soil
-trichophyton mentagrophytes complex-zoophilic rodents
this is known as hot spots and is common in GSD
primary feature of skin allergy is?
most common cause of cutaneous allergies in dogs and cats and order rule out?
pruritis
2) flea bite hypersenstivity, food allergy, environmental
two types of primary lesions? two types of secondary lesions
three skin lesions that are most diagnostically usedful?
papule, pustule, vesicles, bullae, nodules, plaques
2-crust, epidermal collarette, scars, licehnificaiton, hyperpigmentaiton, calluses
3-bulla, pustules, vesicles
TX for flea infestation two types
which is critical if active infestation?
adulticide-only for adults, insect growth regulator-effects larval
adulticide quick kill
clinical presentation of dermatophytes:
diagnosis
alopecia, scaling, erythema, papules, crusts
-woods lamp, trichogram, fungal culture: DTM, PCR
intertigo is seen where and common in?
brachycephalic dogs, setters, spanieal-in folds
what is the difference between food allergies and food intolerances?
food allergy is immunologically mediated. food intolerance is not
a differential for pustule is?
acantholysis-disruption of the desmosomes
advantix is toxic to bc it has?
isoxazolines are slow or fast kill and effective against?
cats bc it has permethrin
rapid time to kill and against fleas, ticks, mites, lice and ear mites
when you see malassezia you need to think?
common places
that it is secondary, have concurrent allergies, keratinization disoders, or endocrine disorders
otitis, interdigiital, ventral neck, axillae, perivulvular, folds, paraonychnia
in superfical pyodermia this is key to confirm the diagnosis
and management is always
cytology
topic tx
T
this diagnostic is best for crusts, papules, pustules, epidermal collarettes, moist lesions (erosions, ulcers), cocci
2)-this is best for ears and moist area of skin that are hard to acess
3) this is best for dry areas, such as licenification, difficult to reach places, sensitive for yeast
4) for dry crusty lesions
direct impression
2-swab and roll onto slide
3) acetate tape prep
4) slurry
diagnosis of scabies is via?
bonus: is it zoonotic?
superficial skin scraping
yes, but humans are dead end host
systemic antibiotics is used in most cases to control infection
deep pyoderma also use steroids to control inflammation
Cats clinical signs of food allergies
miliary dermatitis, non-inflammatory, self induced alopoeciea, head and neck pruritis, esoinophilic dermatisis/esoinophilic granuloma complex
1) mites use this skin scraping type vs demodex use?
2) trichogram used for?
1) mites-superficial, deep demodex
2) demodex, dermatophyte, barbering, hair cycle phase
this has the clinical sign of moth-eaten alopecia and abscence of puritis
this is the species that is puritic and effects cats and od this scraping for
demodex canis
demodex gatoi-superficial. all otehr demodex get deep
when to culutre with pyoderma?
all deep cases, pt gotten oral antibotics in last 6 months, giant breeds bc cost, has mrsp history