Legislative Branch
The main legislative duty of the vice-president
Tie-breaking vote
The process of redrawing boundaries within Electoral districts to manage populations in districts.
What is "Redistricting"?
The major structural factor Jonathan Kozol identifies as a primary cause of funding disparities between wealthy and poor public schools in the United States.
What is "Reliance on local property tax"?
What are the three main government sources of public school funding in the United States, and which two provide the largest share?
What are "State, local, and federal funding"?
What is the primary function of the executive branch in the U.S. federal government?
What is "Enforcing laws"?
The legislative power of the president when passing laws.
What is a "veto"?
Every 10 years, a collection of data on populations is used to determine funding distribution.
What is a "US Census"?
Which predominantly Black Illinois city does Kozol profile to illustrate extreme poverty, environmental hazards, and underfunded schools?
What is "East St. Louis (or) Illinois"?
How does reliance on local property taxes contribute to unequal funding between wealthy and low‑income school districts?
Reliance on property taxes means districts with high property values raise more revenue than those with low property values.
Who is the head of the executive branch?
What is "The president"?
Who is the only acting member that can formally introduce a bill?
The manipulation of electoral district boundaries to favor one political party or social group over another.
What is "Gerrymandering"?
Kozol contrasts the conditions of inner-city schools with those in affluent suburbs to challenge what widely held American belief about education?
What is "Equal education"?
What is meant by a “progressive” school funding system, and why is it important for educational equity?
A progressive funding system provides more money per student to high‑poverty districts than to low‑poverty districts, helping address greater student needs and reduce opportunity gaps.
Besides the President, which major components are included in the executive branch?
What are "Vice President, the Cabinet, Executive departments"? (Any answer applies)
For one fiscal year, the US has one document that outlines the nations financial plan.
What is a "Federal Budget"?
A tactic in redistricting that involves splitting a particular group of voters to dilute voting power.
What is "Cracking"?
Which major theme of Savage Inequalities links present-day school funding gaps to both past and ongoing racial segregation in the United States?
The theme that educational inequality is inseparable from racial segregation.
According to recent research, what are two documented effects of sustained increases in school funding on student outcomes?
What are "Test scores and graduation rates"?
Name two key constitutional powers the President has in the lawmaking process.
What is "Signing and vetoing"?
The House/Senate has a majority or minority "whip". Where did this term come from?
What is "Whipper-in"?
Redistricting technique where groups of voters are concentrated into as few districts as possible.
What is "Packing"?
Across the different cities he visits, what kinds of physical conditions does Kozol describe in many underfunded schools to emphasize the “savage” nature of the inequalities?
What is "Crumbling buildings, overcrowded classrooms, leaking roofs, inadequate or unsanitary bathrooms, outdated or insufficient textbooks, unsafe environmental conditions"? (Any answer applies)
Name two specific types of educational resources or conditions that tend to improve when school funding becomes more adequate and equitable.
What are "Qualified teachers and better school facilities"?
Directives issued by the President to executive officials to clarify or implement existing laws?
What are "Executive orders"?