Chemical bonds that join amino acids together to form polypeptide chains are .......................... bonds.
What is peptide
100
Polypeptide chains are long chains of amino acids joined together by ...................................
What is peptide bonds
100
Keratin proteins are made of long chains of ..................... linked together end-to-end like beads.
What is amino acids
100
What type of bond forms when the sulfur atoms in two adjacent protein chains are joined together?
What is disulfide
100
The action of alkaline permanent waving lotion is to soften and ................................
What is expand the hair
200
The chemical action of ............................. breaks the disulfide bonds through a chemical reaction called reduction.
What is waving lotion
200
........................... hair with a strong, resistant cuticle layer needs the additional swelling and penetration that is provided by a stronger and more highly alkaline waving solution.
What is coarse
200
............................... hair with a damaged cuticle layer is easily penetrated and could be further damaged by a highly alkaline permanent waving solution.
What is porous
200
The alkalinity of the perm chosen should correspond to the resistance, strength and ............................. of the cuticle layer.
What is porosity
200
What is the main active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline perms?
What is ammonium thioglycolate
300
What is the main active ingredient in true acid and acid-balanced waving lotions?
What is glycerol monothioglycolate
300
Waves that process more quickly and produce firmer curls than true acid waves are ....................................
What is acid-balanced waves
300
What type of perm is activated by heat created chemically within the product?
What is exothermic
300
A perm activated by an outside heat source, usually a conventional hood dryer, is known as ..............................
What is endothermic
300
What type of hair is more fragile, easier to process and more susceptible to damage from perm services?
What is fine
400
What type of hair usually requires more processing than medium or fine hair and may also be more resistant to processing?
What is coarse
400
The amount of processing should be determined by the ........................, not necessarily the perm's processing time.
What is strength of the solution
400
In permanent waving, most of the processing takes place as soon as the solution penetrates the hair, within the first ................ minutes.
What is five to ten
400
A properly processed permanent wave should break and rebuild approximately ........................ percent of the hair's disulfide bonds.
What is 50
400
If too many ............................. bonds are broken in the perming process, the hair will be too weak to hold a firm curl.
What is disulfide
500
If the hair is underprocessed, further processing will make it .......................................
What is curlier
500
Neutralization rebuilds ............................ that were broken by the waving solution.
What is disulfide bonds
500
If the hair is not ..........................., the hydrogen peroxide in the neutralizer can react with waving lotion and cause the hair color to lighten.
What is rinsed properly
500
Always rinse perm solution from the hair for at least ..................... minutes before applying the neutralizer.
What is five
500
Some manufacturers recommend the application of a .................................... after blotting and before application of the neutralizer.