Electricity and Magnetism
A type of magnet that can be turned on and off by controlling the flow of electric current.
What is an electromagnet?
Plants that make seeds inside fruit belong to this group.
What are flowering plants (angiosperms)?
A student melts ice and then refreezes it, showing the substance can return to its original form; this indicates this type of change.
What is a physical change?
Layers of sediment building up at the mouth of a river form this landform, showing how deposition creates new features.
What is a delta?
A student observes tiny organisms breaking down dead plants and animals; this shows microorganisms acting as this in an ecosystem.
What are decomposers?
The basic unit of structure and function in all living things.
What is a cell?
The path along which electricity flows. It must be closed to work.
What is a curcuit?
A plant that produces cones instead of flowers and keeps its needles year-round belongs to this group.
What are conifers (gymnosperms)?
When vinegar and baking soda react to produce gas bubbles, this is evidence of this type of change.
What is a chemical change?
A student observes rounded hills and worn rock surfaces in an area; this suggests the land has been shaped primarily by this process over time.
What is weathering and erosion?
When microorganisms enter the body and multiply, causing illness, this process is occurring.
What is an infection?
A student explains that plants have this structure that captures sunlight to make food, which animals do not have.
What is a chloroplast?
A material, such as rubber or plastic, that prevents electricity from passing through it.
What is an insulator?
If a plant does not produce flowers or seeds but still makes its own food, it would most likely reproduce using this.
What are spores?
Which of these actions to substances can be reversed? Select TWO actions.
a. rusting b. mixing c. burning d. bending e. tarnishing
What are mixing and bending?
When wind deposits sand to form dunes, this shows how this process can build up landforms instead of wearing them away.
What is deposition?
A student observes that antibiotics kill harmful bacteria but not viruses; this shows antibiotics are designed to target this type of microorganism.
What are bacteria?
This part of the cell controls what enters and leaves the cell, helping maintain balance.
What is the cell membrane?
The buildup of electrical charges on an object, often caused by friction
What is static electricity?
A plant with vascular tissue that transports water but does not produce seeds would most likely be placed in this group.
What are ferns (seedless vascular plants)?
Apple investigation:
Step 1: rinse an apple with water
Step 2: rub the peel of the apple with sandpaper
Step 3: cut the apple in half
Step 4: let the apple sit exposed to air overnight
During which step does the student gather evidence that a chemical change occurs?
What is Step 4 (let the apple sit exposed to air overnight)?
When glaciers move slowly across land, carving out U-shaped valleys, they are causing this type of change to Earth’s surface.
What is erosion (glacial erosion)?
A student has a sore throat and goes to the doctor. The doctor sends the student home with a medicine called an antibiotic. Which kind of microorganism caused the student's sore throat?
a. algae b. virus c. fungus d. bacteria
What is d. bacteria?
When comparing cells, a student notices animal cells do not have chloroplasts, which explains why animals cannot do this.
What is make their own food (photosynthesis)?
What is the best comparison of static electricity and electric current?
1. static electricity flows through wires, electric current jumps across wires.
2. static electricity involves open circuits, while current electricity involves closed circuits.
3. static electricity involves the build up of electrons in an object, while electric current involves the flow of electrons through wires.
4. static electricity begins with objects that have a negative charge, while electrical current begins with objects that have a positive charge.
What is 3. static electricity involves the build up of electrons in an object, while electric current involves the flow of electrons through wires?
A plant that lacks vascular tissue and grows low to the ground in damp environments would most likely belong to this group.
What are mosses (nonvascular plants)?
Which observations about a substance are evidence that a chemical change occurred? Select THREE answers.
a. a change in odor b. a change in state
c. a change in shape d. the formation of bubbles
e. the formation of a new solid
What is a change in odor, the formation of bubbles and the formation of a new solid?
A student compares a delta and a canyon; one is formed by material being carried away, while the other is formed by material being dropped, showing this key difference in processes.
What is erosion vs. deposition?
A student compares bacteria that help make yogurt with bacteria that cause illness; this shows microorganisms can have these different effects.
What are beneficial and harmful effects?
This cell part is found in both plant and animal cells and is responsible for directing all cell activities.
What is the nucleus?
A circuit in which current has only one path.
What is a series circuit?
This group includes mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish.
What are vertebrates?
The three common states of matter.
What are solid, liquid, and gas?
What type of tectonic plate movement is the most common form to cause earthquakes?
What is transform plate movement?
Microorganisms that are neither plants nor animals and often grow in damp places.
What are fungi?
The control center that contains DNA.
What is the nucleus?