Definitions!
Minds and physical bodies are fundamentally different kinds of things.
What is Dualism?
The thesis that the mind is fundamentally physical.
What is Physicalism?
What is the animal theory (of personal identity)?
The Consequence Argument
What argues for freewill skepticism / against compatibilism, since determinism entails that our choices are a result of forces outside our control?
Lucretius's Symmetry Argument
What argues against death being bad for us, on the basis that our non-existence before birth is not bad for us?
Physical bodies are fundamentally just ideas.
What is idealism?
The Identity Theory
What is the thesis that "the mind" is just another name for the brain (or neural activity)?
Determinism
What is the thesis that everything that happens is an inevitable result of the past and the laws of nature?
What argues for skepticism about the external world, on the basis that all our evidence is compatible with the hypothesis that we're brain in vats?
The Argument from Illusion
What argues against direct realism (/ for indirect realism and idealism), on the basis that experiences of the external world are indistinguishable from illusions, hallucinations, and dreams?
Indirect Realism
What is the thesis that we can only ever experience our ideas that resemble the external world, not the world itself?
Skepticism
What is the thesis that there is an external world we can never know anything about?
Moral Responsibility
What is the extent to which someone can deserve praise or blame?
The Branching Objection
What argues against the memory theory of personal identity, on the basis that our memories can live on in two separate people, none of which would be us?
Williams's Argument on Immortality
What argues that immortality is not desirable, on the basis that immortals must either outlive anything they want to live for, or be eternally unsatisfied?
The thesis that talk about "minds" is just a proxy for talking about ways of acting.
What it is like to experience something
What is qualia / consciousness?
Classical Compatibilism
What is the thesis that determinism is compatible with an ability to do otherwise?
The Knowledge Argument
What argues for dualism, on the basis that we can know about our mind/body without knowing about our body/mind?
What argues for idealism, on the basis that we can't even think of anything that is not an idea (or mind)?
The thesis that talk about "minds" is a dumb theory we should drop.
What is Eliminativism?
The thesis that although everything has mental and physical features, reality is fundamentally neither mental nor physical.
What is Neutral Monism?
The thesis that someone is morally responsible only for doing what they want to want to do.
What is the Deep Self View?
Wittgenstein's Conceptual Problem of Other Minds
What argues for behaviorism / against the thesis that other minds are unobservable, on the basis that we can think about them but couldn't if the only mind we could observe was our own?
Nagel's Doomed-by-Design Argument
What argues (sorta) against physicalism (better: scientific reductions of consciousness), on the basis that objective sciences intentionally avoid talking about, and so can't tell us about, subjective conscious experiences?