Mineral Resources_S.2

A

300

This is the top layer of soil, made of dead leaves and plants.

Horizon O

400

This is the way a mineral reflects light, making it shiny or dull.

luster

500

This type of rock is made from cooled and solidified lava or magma.

Igneous Rock

600

What are the main components of soil?

There are the air, water, mineral particles and organic matters. 

B

300

This layer is called topsoil and is good for plant growth.

Horizon A

400

This is the color of the powdered mineral when it is rubbed on a surface.

streak

500

This type of rock is made from layers of sand, mud, or other materials.

Sedimentary Rock

600

Give me 2 examples of fossil fuels.

- petroleum 

- coal

- natural gas 

C

300

This layer has minerals and is below the topsoil.

Horizon B

400

This describes how a mineral breaks, either in smooth, flat surfaces or rough, uneven pieces.

fracture

500

This type of rock is formed when other rocks are changed by heat or pressure.

Metamorphic Rock

600

How many soil profiles are there?

There are four main soil profiles:

• Horizon O (Organic layer)
• Horizon A (Topsoil)
• Horizon B (Subsoil)
• Horizon C (Parent material)